Walks in January in the preparatory group. Card file with goals according to the Federal State Educational Standard

Winter walks in January. Preparatory group of preschool educational institution

Walk #1.
Observation of wintering birds Purpose: to consolidate knowledge about wintering birds; to form an idea of how wintering birds obtain food; cultivate a desire to care for and protect them. Progress of observation The blizzard has broken out again, Tearing off the snow caps. The bird is completely frozen and sits with its paws tucked in. The teacher asks the children questions:
- What birds are called wintering birds?
-What do they eat? — What wintering birds do you know? — Why don’t wintering birds fly to warmer climes for the winter? — How can a person help wintering birds? Wintering birds do not fly away from us to warmer climes, since they find food even in winter. They feed on buds, seeds and fruits of plants, hidden insects, and look for food near human habitation. Some birds die from the cold in winter. People can help wintering birds - tits are given unsalted lard, sparrows love millet and seeds. Watching the snow. Discuss with the children what happens when the snow creaks underfoot (the rays of snowflakes break with a crunch)
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In different weather conditions, examine snowflakes through a magnifying glass. Didactic game “Who is bigger?”: What kind of snowflakes? (openwork, silver, delicate, cold, fluffy, lace, light, white...) Poem by S. Baruzdin “Snowflakes” Winter is loaded with snow From morning until dark. Snowflakes curl and swirl around our window. It was as if the stars were scattering around like sparks. They rush, silvery, and look into the house. They will ask you to come into the room, Then they will run away again, They will rush behind the glass, They will call you to go outside. Outdoor games: “Who is faster along the track?” Goal: learn to perform series jumps and sideways jumps. "Jumpers." Goal: to teach jumping on two legs with a forward movement of 2-3 m. Individual work on physical training. Improving running technique (naturalness, lightness, energetic push-off)
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Goal: to develop coordination of movements. Labor activity Collecting snow to build a winter town. Goal: improve work skills, the ability to work together. Independent activity of children of the SRI “Builders” Goal: to form specific ideas about construction and its stages;
consolidate knowledge about working professions; cultivate respect for the work of builders; develop the ability to creatively develop the plot of the game. Games with MAF Remote materials: magnifying glass, shovels, ice cubes. Walk No. 2.
Observing birch trees in winter Purpose: to develop knowledge about the characteristics of tree life in winter; cultivate a caring attitude towards plants (do not touch branches and buds that are fragile from frost, as they break)
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Progress of observation There is a birch tree in a cape, The fringe on the branches is ringing. The lighter, the softer the snowflakes, the colder the winter! In winter, the birch tree does not freeze, it is alive, but from frost its twigs and buds become fragile and quickly break, so they should not be touched. If we pick up branches broken off by the wind and put them in water, they will turn green. The teacher asks the children questions:
- How do trees feel in winter?
- What's happening to them? — What condition are the trees in in winter? (At rest.)
- How did you recognize the birch tree?
Observing tracks in the snow:
animals, people, birds, skis, sleds, cars
(learn to determine whether a track is fresh or left a long time ago)
.
Compare bird tracks on loose snow and trampled snow. Poem by N. Golinovskaya “Writing in the Snow” The snow is embroidered with a beautiful line, Like a white shirt. I call my dad into the yard: “Look at the pattern!” Dad looks down: “Here is a letter for you, Denis!” Birds and animals write: “Make us some feeders, Denis!” Outdoor games “Who needs the flag?” Purpose: to practice jumping with forward movement, to develop agility and determination. “Frost - Red Nose” Purpose: to teach children to run across the scattered ground from one side of the site to the other, dodging the trap, act on a signal, and maintain a motionless posture. Develop endurance and attention. Individual work on PHYS “Frisky bag”. Goal: practice jumping on two legs. Labor activity Covering tree trunks on the site with snow so that they do not freeze. Goal: learn to work together; cultivate hard work. Independent activity of children SRI “Ambulance” Goal: to arouse children’s interest in the professions of a doctor and nurse;
cultivate a sensitive, attentive attitude towards the patient, kindness, responsiveness, and a culture of communication. Games with MAF Remote materials: flags, shovels, ice cubes, ambulance suitcase. Walk #3.
Observing a crow Goal: expand the understanding of wintering birds, teach to distinguish them by appearance; cultivate love and respect for wintering birds. Progress of observation The teacher asks the children a riddle and asks them to answer questions. The cap is gray, the vest is non-woven, the caftan is speckled, and he walks barefoot. (Crow.)
- Who is this, what is the name of this bird?
—What are the features of her appearance? - Where she lives? -What does it eat? - Does she have enemies? Signs: a crow hides its nose under its wing - it means frost. Monitoring the weather conditions.
Develop the ability to independently recognize and name snowfall, drifting snow, frost, blizzard, and frost.
Teach children to compare these phenomena, find similarities and differences. Didactic game “Who is bigger?” Purpose: to practice selecting definitions for nouns and verbs corresponding to winter phenomena. What winter day? (frosty, cold, clear, snowy, short, windy, fabulous)
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Outdoor games “Counter dashes” Purpose: to increase the motor activity of children while walking; “Winter and Summer” Purpose: to teach children to line up in 2 lines with their backs to each other, run fast, and catch their mate. Develop attention and reaction speed. Individual work on PHYS “Running in pairs” Goal: to develop motor activity. Labor activity Clearing the area and paths from snow. Goal: to cultivate diligence and the desire to complete the work started. Independent activity of children of SRI “Zoo” Goal: to expand children’s knowledge about wild animals: to cultivate kindness, responsiveness, sensitive, attentive attitude towards animals, a culture of behavior in public places.
Games with MAF Remote materials: shovels, ice cubes, animal figurines Walk No. 4.
Observing the sun Purpose: to continue to introduce natural phenomena, to give the concept of one of the signs of winter - frost; develop interest in inanimate objects of nature. Progress of observation Where are you, sun, really? We're completely numb. Without you, the water froze, Without you, the earth froze. Come out, sunshine, quickly! Caress and warm! Who noticed which direction the sun is in the morning? That's right, at sunrise, the sun rises there, and in the evening it will be in the other direction - in the west, where the sun will hide at night. In winter, the sun shines, but does not warm, it rises late and goes to bed early. The days in winter are short, the nights are long. In summer the sun warms, in winter it freezes. In winter, the sun smiles through tears. Observation of trees Based on the characteristics of the trunk, the location of the branches, the characteristics of the buds, children distinguish between trees: birch (white trunk and thin hanging branches extending from large branches)
, larch
(dark trunk with thick bark and drooping branches)
, poplar
(gray trunk with raised up branches)
.
Riddle: We saw him dressed in spring and summer, And in the fall, all the shirts were torn off the poor thing, But the winter snowstorms dressed him in furs. (Tree in winter) Outdoor games: “Empty Space” Purpose: teaches you to run without bumping into each other. “Make a figure” Purpose: to teach how to perform actions on a signal, Individual work on PHYSICAL Elements of Hockey. Goal: learn to roll the puck in a given direction, roll it into the goal. Labor activity: Shoveling snow into a certain place to build ice figures. Goal: learn to work together, achieve goals through common efforts. Independent activity of children: SRI “Builders” Purpose: to consolidate knowledge about working professions;
cultivate respect for the work of builders; develop the ability to creatively develop the plot of the game. Games with MAF Remote materials: shovels, sticks, puck. Walk No. 5.
Observing the weather Purpose: to clarify and concretize the idea of winter; teach to establish the dependence of the life of plants and animals on changes in inanimate nature. Progress of the walk Draw the children's attention to the weather. Ask to characterize it (temperature, cloudiness, precipitation, wind force)
, using as many epithets as possible.
Compare the weather with yesterday, what has changed, and what signs children use to draw conclusions. Admire the beauty of the winter landscape. Signs: • If there are many frequent and long icicles hanging in January, the harvest will be good; • if in January there are frequent snowfalls and blizzards, then in July there are frequent rains. Didactic game “What would happen if...” Purpose: to teach to establish cause-and-effect relationships. The teacher begins the sentence, and the children finish: For example, “what would happen if...” in winter, streams ran, in summer, leaves began to fall, in winter it started to rain, in the fall the rivers were covered with ice, in the spring the buds on the trees did not begin to bloom, etc. Observing frost Draw children's attention to trees covered with frost. Frost is formed from small ice plates that are arranged in rows along the branches. In the sun, frost glitters and sparkles, at sunset it turns pink, early in the morning and in the evening it turns blue. Explain that, unlike snow and ice, frost is not harmful to trees. Outdoor games: “Homeless Hare.” Goal: to exercise the ability to run without bumping into each other; to develop agility and endurance. “Traps” Purpose: to teach how to run around the site in all directions while dodging. Develop the ability to act on a signal, dexterity, and speed of movement. Individual work on PHYS “Knock down the flag.” Goal: learn to throw snowballs at a target; develop accuracy and attention. Labor activity Feeding birds in the kindergarten area. Goal: to cultivate love, careful and caring attitude towards wintering birds. Independent activity of children: SRI “Veterinary Hospital” Purpose: to arouse children’s interest in the profession of a veterinarian;
to cultivate a sensitive, attentive attitude towards animals, kindness, responsiveness, and a culture of communication. Games with MAF Remote materials: feeders, shovels, ice cubes Walk No. 6.
Observation of snow and ice Purpose: to develop a realistic understanding of inanimate nature; consolidate knowledge that water can be in a solid state (snow, ice)
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Progress of observation Oh, winter beauty! She whitewashed all the forests, swept up mountains of snow, and invited us to ride. The teacher conducts an experiment and asks the children questions. Place ice in one glass and snow in the other. — What color does ice feel like? Name its properties. — What color does snow feel like? Name its properties. —What are snow and ice made of? Now we put both glasses in a warm place, after a while we’ll see what happens to the ice and snow. Monitoring the weather conditions. Develop the ability to independently recognize and name snowfall, drifting snow, frost, blizzard, and frost. Teach children to compare these phenomena, find similarities and differences. Didactic game “Who is bigger?” Practice selecting definitions for nouns and verbs that correspond to winter phenomena. What winter day? (frosty, cold, clear, snowy, short, windy, fabulous)
.
Frost (what does it do?)
freezes, crackles, grows stronger, freezes, stands, strikes, weakens, fetters, does not order to stand.
The wind (what is it doing?)
blows, sweeps, carries
(snow)
, howls, howls, circles.
Outdoor games: “Entertainers” Purpose: to teach children to walk in a circle, holding hands to the right, to the left. Repeat the movements after the driver. Develop attention, memory, creativity. “Counter dashes” Purpose: to teach children to run from one side of the playground to the other at a fast pace. Develop attention and speed of movement. Individual work on PHYSIO Development of movements. Goal: learn to throw snowballs into the distance. Work activity : Cleaning the area from snow. Goal: to reinforce ideas about the protective properties of snow. Independent activity of children: SRI at the request of children Goal: to evoke a desire to organize their favorite games, to develop the ability to creatively develop the plot of the game.
Games with MAF Remote materials: glasses for experiments, shovels, ice cubes. Walk No. 7.
Observing the work of a janitor Goal: to continue to instill in children a love of work and respect for the work of adults. Draw the children's attention to how diligently the janitor removes the snow and sprinkles the paths with sand so that the children can walk comfortably. Riddle: It's snowing quietly. White snow, shaggy. We will clear the snow and ice in the yard... (with a shovel)
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Remind people why they need to collect snow in holes in trees and shrubs. Signs: • in January there are many frequent and long icicles hanging - the harvest will be good; • frosty January – a fruitful year. Didactic game “Who knows, let him continue to count” Goal: development of auditory attention, consolidation of the skill of ordinal counting within 10, development of thinking. Outdoor games: “One, two, three - I’m watching!” Goal: develop reaction speed, teach to follow the rules of the game. All players stand behind the starting line, the driver far ahead stands behind them. At the signal, the game begins. All players try to run to the driver and insult him. But he can suddenly say: “One, two, three - I’m looking!” - and turn around sharply. If he turns around and sees someone moving, he sends them back to the starting line. The one who first insults the driver takes his place and leads the game. “We are funny guys” Purpose: to teach to listen carefully to the teacher’s command; develop attention, monitor the correct completion of tasks. Individual work on PHYS “Don’t knock down the flag.” Goal: learn to walk like a snake between objects without knocking them over. Labor activity Making a slide for dolls. Goal: to teach to work together, to receive joy from the work performed and its result. Independent activity of children: SRI “Drivers” Goal: to consolidate children’s ideas about the work of transport workers, about their social significance.
Games with MAF External materials: steering wheel, dolls, sleds, shovels Walk No. 8.
Observing the beauty of the winter landscape Purpose: to cultivate in children a cognitive interest in nature; to develop sensitivity to the perception of the winter landscape. Read the poems: January Stings your ears, stings your nose, frost creeps into your felt boots. If you splash water, it’s not water that will fall, but ice. Even the bird cannot fly; the frost freezes the bird. The sun turned towards summer. What month is this, tell me? *** In January, in January there is a lot of snow in the yard. Snow on the roof, on the porch. The sun is in the blue sky. The stoves are lit in our house, and the smoke rises into the sky in a column. S. Marshak Make riddles: We saw him dressed in spring and summer. And in the fall, all the poor girl’s shirts were torn off. But the winter snowstorms dressed him in furs. (Tree in winter.)
In the spring it dies, in the fall it comes back to life.
(Snow.) Didactic game “Is this true or not?” Goal: find inaccuracies in the text. Listen carefully to the poem. Who will notice more fables, what actually does not happen. It's a warm winter now, the grapes are ripe here. A horned horse jumps in the snow in a summer meadow. In late autumn, the bear likes to sit in the river. And in winter, among the branches, “Ga-ga-ga” the nightingale sang. Quickly give me the answer: is it true or not? Children find inaccuracies and replace words and sentences to get it right. Outdoor game “Mousetrap” Purpose: to teach children to run under clasped hands in and out of the circle, without bumping into each other, to act on a signal. Develop agility, speed, spatial orientation. “Winter and Summer” Purpose: to teach children to line up in 2 lines with their backs to each other, run fast, and catch their mate. Develop attention and reaction speed. Individual work on PHYSICAL Elements of Hockey. Goal: learn to roll the puck in a given direction, roll it into the goal. Labor activity: Snow removal on site. Purpose: to teach how to complete a task collectively. Independent activity of children: SRI at the request of children Goal: to evoke a desire to organize their favorite games, to develop the ability to creatively develop the plot of the game.
Games with MAF Remote materials: clubs, balls, shovels, ice cubes Walk No. 9.
Observation of snowfall Purpose: to generalize knowledge about winter phenomena in nature through observations; continue to develop children's search activities. Read N. Sadovsky's poem Snowfall Snowfall, snowfall, like elephants, snowdrifts! Snow and snow for three days in a row of the highest standard. It falls, falls, and makes everyone happy at first - And what did this snowfall do? And winter laughs: - That’s what it’s called - snowfall, so that everyone falls into snowdrifts, into snowdrifts, into soft snowdrifts in a row! Watch the snowfall with your children. If there is a strong wind during a walk, then the snowflakes cannot be seen - solid snow dust flies. It was the wind that broke off their beautiful rays from the snowflakes. We need to explain to children that in cold weather the snow crunches underfoot because the rays of the snowflakes break. On a windless frosty day, snowflakes fall slowly, they are large, shiny, like flowers or stars. They fall one at a time, so they can be clearly seen on a sheet of dark paper. Didactic game “Where have I been?” Purpose: - to form accusative plural forms of animate or inanimate nouns. Outdoor games: “Frost - red nose” Purpose: to teach children to run across the scattered ground from one side of the site to the other, dodging the trap, act on a signal, and maintain a motionless posture. “Sly Fox” Purpose: to teach children to run without bumping into each other, to act on a signal, and to navigate the playground. Individual work on PHYSICAL EXERCISE Exercise in standing long jumps. Goal: develop agility and endurance. Labor activity Construction of a slide on the site. Goal: to cultivate diligence and the desire to work together. Independent activities of children: SRI "Ministry of Emergency Situations" - rescuers Goal: to consolidate the knowledge of children with the difficult and honorable profession of a rescuer, to teach, if necessary, to act clearly and harmoniously.
Games with MAF Remote materials: shovels, ice cubes Walk No. 10.
Observation of a blizzard Purpose: to give an idea of the movement of snow in windy weather Progress of observation Make a riddle and ask to answer questions. I walk in the field, I fly in freedom, I spin, I mutter, I don’t want to know anyone. I run along the snow, sweeping up snowdrifts. (Blizzard.)
1) What do you think a blizzard is?
(Moving snow under the influence of strong winds from one place to another.)
2) Look carefully, what happens to the snow?
(Snow moves in the direction of the wind.)
3) Why do snowdrifts appear during a snowstorm?
(Snow moves from one place to another and lingers where there is an obstacle, so snowdrifts form.)
4) Do you think a blizzard is more harmful or beneficial?
(The roots of the trees are exposed - they can freeze, snow is blown away from the fields and beds, impassable snowdrifts appear, you can’t go for a walk.)
Who is this, howling, flying without wings and covering its tracks without a broom?
Makes snowdrifts from snow dough, moving them from place to place. (Blizzard.) Didactic game “Listen carefully” Goal: development of voluntary attention. Children moving in a circle take poses depending on the leader’s command: one clap - take the “stork” pose (stand on one leg, arms to the sides)
;
two claps - “frog” pose (sit down, heels together, toes to the sides, hands between your legs on the floor)
;
three claps - resume walking. Outdoor games: “Empty Space” Purpose: to teach children to quickly race in opposite directions. Develop reaction speed and attention. “Pair running” Purpose: to teach children to run in pairs, without releasing their arms, to go around objects. Develop dexterity and attention. Individual work on the FIZO Development of movements Purpose: to improve the technique of jumping from a long run -up work, cleaning the feeding of the feeder from snow and the remains of bird feed, feeding of birds. Purpose: to foster a humane attitude towards "our smaller brothers." Independent activities of children: SRI “Snow Cafe” Purpose: to develop imagination, interest and respect for the profession of a cook.
Games with MAF Remanding Material: Sandual sets, shovels, ice. Walk No. 11.
Observation of the weather The goal: to form elementary ideas about changes in the position of the Earth regarding the Sun. The course of the walk to introduce the properties of snow. Find out what can be done on the site, what to take with you for a walk, what to dress. Going for a walk, pay attention to the weather, note how it changed compared to yesterday. To note that the Sun began to skill out earlier, the day is increasing, then frost will pass soon. The didactic exercise “Winter Fun” invites children to perform the movement described in the poem: we play snowballs in the winter, we walk along the snowdrifts, and we run on skiing, flying on ice on ice, and we sculpt the snowball, the guest - we love the winter! The didactic game “Speak, do not delay” the goal: to develop speech activity, vocabulary. Progress of the game. Children stand, forming a circle. One of them is the first to say the word according to the syllables, standing nearby should name the word that begins with the last syllable of the just uttered word. (Wa-zero, row-ba-na) outdoor games: “Hunters and animals” Purpose: to teach children to throw a small ball, trying to get into animals, perform imitation movements, depicting forest animals. Develop dexterity, eye. “Owl” Purpose: to teach children to act by signal, to run, scattering imitating birds, to maintain a motionless pose. Develop balance. Individual work on the phizo development of movements. Purpose: - to consolidate the ability to throw the "snow" at the target. Labor activity is cleaning the feeder from snow and the remains of bird feed, feeding birds. Purpose: to foster a humane attitude towards "our smaller brothers." Independent activities of children: SRI “Snow Cafe” Purpose: to develop imagination, interest and respect for the profession of a cook.
Games with MAF Remanding Material: Sandual sets, shovels, ice. Walk No. 12.
Observation of trees and shrubs Purpose: to expand and deepen knowledge about plants in the winter. Read M. Stepanov’s poem “Winter Forest” what kind of miracle is a winter forest, how many fabulous miracles! In this fairy tale, I am a forest, sleep or Il before me? Here are the birch luxurious row, the whites are burning with silver - but on the sidelines in the fur coats of the Christmas trees are girls. Ah, what a silence, a white and white country! To ask children questions:
1) How do the trees differ from shrubs?
2) What are the trees called that in the fall I drop the leaves? 3) What benefits do trees and shrubs bring? Research activities to dig up deep snow where the grass grew. Under the snow cover you can see small green plants with weak leaves pressed to the ground. To bring the children to the conclusion that snow protects the soil, preventing it from cooling. The didactic game “Describe the neighbor” Purpose: to teach to carefully consider a person, to give a verbal portrait. Outdoor games: “Frost is a red nose” Purpose: to teach children to run into a scatter on one side of the site to the other, moving away from the prap, acting by signal, and maintain a motionless pose. “Fair running” Purpose: to teach children to run in pairs, without dissolving their hands, to bend objects. Develop dexterity and attention. Individual work on a fisa elements of hockey. Purpose: to teach to roll the puck in a given direction, to roll into the gate. Independent activities of children: SRI “EMERCOM” - rescuers Purpose: to consolidate the knowledge of children with a difficult and honorary profession of a rescuer, to teach, if necessary, to act clearly and harmoniously. Games with MAF Remanding Material: Blinds with a ball, shovels, ice

We recommend watching:

Consultation for parents in kindergarten. Walks in winter Walks in the middle group. December. Card index with goals according to the Federal State Educational Standard. Winter Walks in January in the middle group. Card file with goals for the Federal State Educational Standard Walking in the middle group. February. Card index with goals according to the Federal State Educational Standard. Winter

Organization and methodology of walks in the summer

Author: Kravyakova Svetlana Vitalievna

Consultation for educators “Organization and methods of conducting walks in the summer”

Good afternoon, dear colleagues!

Today we are starting with you our seminar - a workshop on organizing and conducting walks in the summer.

I would like to start my speech with the statement of one pediatrician who said: “A day spent by a child without a walk is lost for his health” (G.N. Speransky)

So what is a walk?

A walk is a routine moment of children’s life activity in a preschool institution, organized in advance by the teacher, which takes place in the fresh air.

You all know well that the daily routine of any kindergarten includes a daily afternoon walk after classes and an evening walk after afternoon tea. According to

According to sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations, the total duration of the walk is 4 - 4.5 hours.

In the summer, the kindergarten daily routine provides for children to spend maximum time in the fresh air with breaks for meals and sleep.

The time allotted for walking must be strictly observed.

But, in fact, children walk less, the duration of the walk is reduced for various reasons, and its health-improving and developmental potential is far from being fully used. Disorganization and monotony are typical disadvantages of organizing walks in kindergarten. And the pedagogical influence on a walk is often replaced by childcare.

Therefore, in order to properly organize and manage children’s activities during a walk, the teacher must expand his knowledge, possess practical skills, as well as methods for conducting a walk.

And first, let's remember what kind of walks there are.

Types of walks:

Traditional/typical – the most free activity for children.
Combined – targeted walk and free activity. (Targeted walk is carried out from the second younger group with exit outside the kindergarten);
Excursion (conducted from the middle group at least once a month);

· Hiking (with children of senior preschool age).

Today at the seminar we will look in detail at the structure and methodology of conducting a traditional/or standard walk.

Proper organization of such a walk involves the use of five parts:

· Observation;

· Labor activity of children;

· Outdoor games

· Individual work with children;

· Independent activity of children.

The effectiveness of all parts of the walk depends entirely on the teacher. These components allow you to make your walk more eventful and interesting. In addition, they act not as separate pedagogical events, but as logically substantiated parts of what is planned by the teacher in a specific outing.

And now, let's take a closer look at each component of the walk.

Observations can be roughly divided into several types:

• Observations of wildlife (representatives of flora and fauna - plants, animals, birds, insects).

• Observations of inanimate nature (seasonal and weather phenomena, familiarity with the properties of water, sand, clay, natural materials - stones, shells, etc.).

• Observations of the work of adults (observations of the work of adults who work near the kindergarten are organized: janitor, driver, builder, policeman).

• Observations of street life (public, personal transport, trucks, cars, special vehicles, colorful decorations for the holidays).

At a younger age, observations should take no more than 5-10 minutes, at an older age they should range from 10 to 20 minutes. They must be carried out daily, and each time children should be offered different objects to consider.

It is very difficult to hold the attention of a child, especially one of primary preschool age. While walking, a child encounters a lot of distractions: he noticed a flying butterfly or was distracted by the noise of a passing car, and there are a lot of such distractions on the street. Therefore, observations should not be extended in time, vivid, interesting and meaningful. When planning observations, the teacher must think about: the equipment and materials that he will use during the observation, the placement of children, the teacher must think about ways to attract the attention of children (this could be: surprise moments, the use of artistic words: poetic texts, riddles, proverbs and sayings, which are perceived by children with great interest and other techniques), it is also necessary to involve the children themselves in activating mental activity (and this can be done by asking search questions and using children’s experience). The main thing in this component of the walk is not to leave children indifferent to the sight of vivid images and events in the environment.

The next important component of the walk is outdoor games.

. This part of the walk includes: 2-3 games of high mobility, 2-3 games of low and medium mobility, games of the children’s choice and didactic games are also used.

Outdoor games in the junior group - 6-10 minutes, in the middle group - 10-15 minutes, in the senior and preparatory groups - 20-25 minutes.

When choosing a game, the teacher should consider the following factors:

-time of year (weather conditions, air temperature);

-age of children (health status, desire);

- the nature of the previous activity.

The sequence of structural components of a walk may vary depending on the type of previous activity. If the children were in an activity that required increased cognitive activity and mental stress, then at the beginning of the walk it is advisable to conduct outdoor games, jogging, and only then - observations. If there was a physical education or music lesson before the walk, the walk begins with observation or quiet play.

To enhance the physical activity of preschoolers during walks, large toys, cars, and various aids are brought to the site: hoops, balls, jump ropes, badminton accessories, etc.

Here I would like to draw your attention to the fact that when conducting this part of the walk, you should strive to ensure that your children in the future learn to play outdoor games of their own free will, following the basic rules and maintaining discipline. When choosing a game for children, try to set tasks not only of a motor nature - to consolidate the skill of a particular movement, but also of a moral nature - to develop in them a sense of camaraderie, mutual assistance and collectivism.

I will not go into detail about the methodology for conducting outdoor games in preschool educational institutions, because... Galina Anatolyevna will tell us about this at one of the subsequent methodological associations.

The only thing I would like to emphasize in this part is that you do not forget to carry out didactic games and exercises in this part of the walk.

They should be short and take 3-4 minutes at a younger age, 5-6 minutes at an older age. Didactic exercises are carried out several times during one walk with the entire group of children or with part of it.

A didactic exercise can be offered to children both at the beginning and at the end of the observation, or can be woven into the course of the observation itself, for example, “Bring a yellow leaf,” “Find a tree or shrub,” etc. In didactic tasks, several tasks can be solved simultaneously: fixing the color, shape and size of objects, they can also be performed with the help of children's physical activity, for example, children are offered tasks: “One, two, three! Run to the birch tree." And then, for older children, another more difficult task is set: “How did you know that this was a birch?” etc.

Labor activity has great educational significance during a walk. Therefore, the next structural component of a typical walk is the children’s performance of labor activities

It is important here that for each child the tasks are feasible, interesting and varied, and in duration - do not exceed 5-10 minutes at a younger age and 15-20 minutes at an older age. To instill in children hard work and neatness, it is very important to choose the right children's equipment (rakes, shovels, scoops, buckets). In the process of carrying out work assignments, it is important for children to develop a positive attitude towards work, as well as respect for the work of an adult, a desire to get involved in the work process, and then continue to show independence and initiative.

The forms of organizing children's labor are:

Individual work assignments;

Work in subgroups;

Teamwork.

Individual work assignments are used in all age groups of kindergarten.

In the younger group, children receive individual assignments consisting of one or two labor operations, for example, taking bird food and putting it in a feeder. Then, the teacher takes turns involving all the children in feeding the birds. Or, for example, he organizes “work nearby”: he offers to collect cones, leaves, pebbles for further crafts.

In the middle group, two subgroups can work simultaneously and perform different work assignments; The only thing is that the teacher requires constant attention to the quality of the children’s work; and the teacher must ensure that the children finish what they start.

In older children, it is necessary to develop the ability to accept a work task, present the result of its implementation, determine the sequence of operations, select the necessary tools, and then independently engage in work activities (with a little help from the teacher).

Here it is important to create the right motivation for older children, explain why it is necessary to do this work today and in this particular way, and it is also advisable to diversify and brighten up monotonous activities, for example, offer to solve riddles or use other surprise moments.

The next equally important structural component of a daily walk is individual work.

Individual work

The walk is carefully planned. It can be aimed at developing the child’s speech: i.e. to practice sound pronunciation, memorize poetry, to consolidate material in all sections of the program, or you can repeat the words of a song that children learned in a music lesson for the holiday.

During walks, the teacher can also organize individual work on physical development with one or more lagging children to perform basic movements: (walking, running, jumping, jumping, exercises with balls and hoops, throwing at a target, etc.)

In the process of individual work with a child, a conversation can be held on the formation of moral qualities, rules of behavior in a children's team, or a conversation on the recommendation of a speech therapist or psychologist. Here, it is important that the child with whom individual work is being carried out understands its necessity and willingly completes the proposed tasks.

The next structural component of the walk is the independent activity
of children,
which also needs competent guidance. The teacher must constantly monitor and monitor the independent activities of children. Paying attention to each child, the teacher must constantly keep all children in sight: in order to prevent an emerging conflict in time, praise those who, on their own initiative, collected toys, put things in order on the veranda or in the area. The teacher can offer children to organize a story-based role-playing or outdoor game, entertaining tasks, outdoor toys or work equipment, etc. One of the most favorite types of independent creative games for children is construction games with natural materials: sand, pebbles, cones, etc. Therefore, teachers need to try to diversify such games and create the necessary conditions and actively use attributes and external materials. And at the same time, of course, do not forget about compliance with sanitary and hygienic requirements for the storage and placement of external material.

Briefly, I would like to say about taking a walk in the evening.

is mandatory throughout the year ,

but since the teacher is additionally busy meeting with parents, organized observation and labor activities are not carried out during the evening walk. Against the backdrop of children playing independently, the teacher can tell and show them something, communicate with one or two children on a topic that interests them, and organize individual games.

The main thing is to make sure that the children do not get bored during the walk and that all the children are busy.
If walks are meaningful and interesting, children, as a rule, go for walks with great desire and joy. For educators, a walk is a unique opportunity not only to improve children’s health, but also to enrich the child with new knowledge and impressions. comments powered by HyperComments

Planning work with children on a walk

Lyudmila Plotnikova

Planning work with children on a walk

Kemerovo region - Kuzbass Yurginsky urban district

Education Department of the Yurga City Administration

Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution

“Kindergarten No. 21 “The Scarlet Flower”

Consultation for educators

Prepared by:

L. N. Plotnikova, senior teacher

Yurginsky District, 2020

The importance of walking in the development of preschool children.

Children's stay in the fresh air is of great importance for the physical development of a preschooler. Walking is the first and most accessible means of hardening a child’s body. It helps to increase its endurance and resistance to adverse environmental influences, especially colds.

During the walk, children play and move a lot. Movement increases metabolism, blood circulation, gas exchange, and improves appetite. Children learn to overcome various obstacles, become more agile, dexterous, courageous, and resilient. They develop motor skills and abilities, strengthen the muscular system, and increase vitality.

A walk promotes mental development, as children gain a lot of new impressions and knowledge about the world around them.

Walk structure :

1. Observation.

2. Outdoor games: 2-3 games of high mobility, 2-3 games of low and medium mobility, games of children’s choice, didactic games.

3. Individual work with children on the development of movements and physical qualities.

4. Children's labor on the site.

5. Independent play activity.

The sequence of structural components of a walk may vary depending on the type of previous activity. If the children were in an activity that required increased cognitive activity and mental stress, then at the beginning of the walk it is advisable to conduct outdoor games, jogging, and then observations. If there was a physical education or music lesson the walk the walk begins with observation or quiet play. Each of the required components of the walk lasts from 7 to 15 minutes and is carried out against the background of independent activity.

Observation

A large place on walks is given to observations (pre -planned )

behind natural phenomena and social life. Observations can be carried out with a whole group of children, with subgroups, as well as with individual children.

At a younger age, observations should take no more than 7-10 minutes and be bright and interesting; at an older age, observations should last from 15 to 25 minutes. They should be carried out daily, but each time children should be offered different objects to consider.

Objects of observation can be:

Wildlife: plants and animals;

Inanimate nature: seasonal changes and various natural phenomena (rain, snow, flowing streams)

;

Adult labor.

Observations of the work of adults (janitor, driver, builder, etc.)

are organized 1-2 times a quarter.

Types of observation:

1. Short-term observations are organized to formulate information about the properties and qualities of an object or phenomenon (children learn to distinguish shape, color, size, spatial arrangement of parts and the nature of the surface, and when familiarizing themselves with animals, characteristic movements, sounds made, etc.

2. Long-term observations are organized to accumulate knowledge about the growth and development of plants and animals, about seasonal changes in nature. Children compare the observed state of the object with what was before.

When organizing observations, the teacher must always follow this sequence:

• facts are established;

• connections are formed between parts of the object;

• children's ideas are accumulating;

• comparisons are made;

• conclusions are drawn and connections are made between the observations being carried out now and those carried out previously.

The surrounding life and nature provide an opportunity to organize interesting and varied observations.

Outdoor games

The leading place during the walk is given to games , mainly active ones. They develop basic movements, relieve mental stress from classes, and develop moral qualities.

The choice of game depends on the time of year, weather, air temperature. On cold days, it is advisable to start your walk with games of greater mobility associated with running, throwing, and jumping. Fun and exciting games help children cope better with cold weather. In damp, rainy weather (especially in spring and autumn)

Sedentary games that do not require a lot of space should be organized.

Games with jumping, running, throwing, and balance exercises should also be carried out on warm spring, summer days and early autumn.

During walks , plotless folk games with objects, such as grandmothers, ring throws, skittles, can be widely used, and in older groups - elements of sports games: volleyball, basketball, gorodki, badminton, table tennis, football, hockey. In hot weather, water games are held.

Time for outdoor games and physical exercises during a morning walk : in junior groups - 6 - 10 minutes, in middle groups - 10-15 minutes, in senior and preparatory groups - 20-25 minutes. On an evening walk : in junior and middle groups - 10-15 minutes, in senior and preparatory groups - 12-15 minutes.

Every month, learn 2-3 exercises (repeat within a month and consolidate 3-4 times a year)

At a younger age, games with text (imitation of the teacher’s actions)

In the middle group, the teacher distributes roles among the children (the role of the driver is performed by a child who can cope with this task).

In the senior and preparatory groups, relay races, sports games, and games with elements of competition are held.

Outdoor games end with walking or low-mobility play, which gradually reduces physical activity.

Children are not allowed to walk for long periods of time without moving . Children with reduced mobility and low initiative require special attention and should be involved in outdoor games.

During walks, the teacher conducts individual work with children : for some, he organizes a game with a ball, throwing at a target, for others - a balance exercise, for others - jumping from tree stumps, stepping over trees, running down hills.

Games with a high level of movement intensity should not be played at the end of the morning walk before leaving the site, as children in this case become overexcited, which negatively affects the nature of daytime sleep, increases the duration of falling asleep, and may cause a decrease in appetite.

In addition to outdoor games and individual exercises in basic movements, sports activities (exercises) the walk

. In the summer it’s cycling, hopscotch, in the winter it’s sledding, ice skating, sliding on ice paths, and skiing.

About half an hour before the end of the walk , the teacher organizes quiet games. Then the children collect toys and equipment. Before entering the room, they wipe their feet. Children undress quietly, without noise, carefully fold and put things in lockers. They change their shoes, put their suit and hair in order and go to the group.

Features of the organization of physical activity in winter:

- during the cold season, the teacher needs to ensure that children breathe through their noses. Nasal breathing corresponds to the development in children of the ability to breathe correctly and prevents nasopharyngeal disease;

- at low air temperatures, it is not advisable to organize games of high mobility, since they lead to forced breathing when children begin to breathe through their mouths. In these conditions, you should also not play games that require children quatrains, refrains, or any text in a full voice.

Didactic games and exercises

They are one of the structural components of a walk . They are short-lived, taking 3-4 minutes at a younger age, and 5-6 minutes at an older age.

Each didactic game consists of: a didactic task, content, rules, game situations.

When using d/games, the teacher must follow the pedagogical principles:

build on children’s existing knowledge;

the task must be sufficient, difficult, but at the same time accessible to children;

gradually complicate the didactic task and game actions;

explain the rules specifically and clearly;

Types of didactic games:

Playing with objects (toys or natural materials,

Word games

Various didactic exercises are a way to stimulate children's activity. They are carried out several times during one walk . A didactic exercise can be offered to children at the beginning, at the end, or can be woven into the course of observation, for example, “Bring a yellow leaf”

,
“Find a tree by leaf”
,
“Find a tree or shrub by description”,
etc. They are carried out with the whole group or with part of it.

During walks, work is also done to develop the child’s speech: learning a nursery rhyme or a short poem, reinforcing a difficult sound to pronounce, etc. The teacher can recall with the children the words and melody of a song that they learned in a music lesson.

During independent play activities, children reflect the impressions received in the process of educational activities, excursions, everyday life, and acquire knowledge about the work of adults. This happens in the process of role-playing games.

The teacher encourages games with a family, astronauts, a steamship, a hospital, etc. He helps develop the plot of the game, select or create the necessary material for it. Interest in such (creative games)

games develop in children from 3-4 years old. The heyday of role-playing games begins at the age of 4 and reaches its highest development in the middle of preschool age (5-6 years), and then is gradually replaced by games with rules that arise after seven years.

During the walk , the teacher makes sure that all the children are busy, not bored, and that no one gets cold or overheated. It attracts those children who run a lot to participate in quieter games.

Labor activities of children at the site

walking is of great educational importance . It is important that for each child the tasks are feasible, interesting and varied, and that their duration does not exceed 5-19 minutes at a younger age and 15-20 minutes at an older age.

The forms of organizing children's labor are:

• Individual work assignments;

• Group work;

• Teamwork.

Individual work assignments are used in all age groups of kindergarten.

Collective work makes it possible to develop work skills and abilities simultaneously in all children in the group. During collective work, the ability to accept a common goal of work, coordinate one’s actions, and plan work .

In the younger group, children receive individual assignments consisting of one or two labor operations, for example, taking bird food and putting it in a feeder. The teacher takes turns involving all the children in feeding the birds. Or, for example, collecting pebbles for crafts. Work is organized as “work nearby”

, while children do not experience any dependence on each other

In the middle group, two subgroups can work and perform different work assignments; The teacher's constant attention to the quality of work ;

showing and explaining the entire task are sequential steps.

In older children, it is necessary to develop the ability to accept a work task, present the result of its implementation, determine the sequence of operations, select the necessary tools, and independently engage in work activities (with a little help from the teacher)

Individual assignments become lengthy, for example, collecting and decorating a herbarium.

About half an hour before the end of the walk , the teacher organizes quiet games. Then the children collect toys and equipment.

Targeted walks

The teacher organizes children’s observations of social life and natural phenomena outside the site. For this purpose, targeted walks .

In the younger group, targeted walks are carried out once a week over a short distance, along the street where the kindergarten is located. With older children, such walks are carried out twice a week and over longer distances.

For children of the younger group, the teacher shows houses, transport, pedestrians, for the middle group - public buildings (school, House of Culture, theater, etc.)

.
With older children, targeted walks are carried out to other streets , to the nearest park or forest.
Children become familiar with the rules of behavior in public places and traffic rules. On targeted walks , children receive many direct impressions of their surroundings, their horizons expand, their knowledge and understanding deepen, and their powers of observation and curiosity develop. Movement in the air has a positive effect on physical development. Walking for a long time during a walk requires children to have a certain amount of endurance, organization and endurance.

Safety requirements when organizing walks in the kindergarten area.

Before children go out for a walk , the teacher inspects the territory of the site for compliance with safety requirements in accordance with his job description.

Before going out for a walk, Institution workers involved in dressing children must ensure that children do not remain dressed indoors for a long time in order to avoid overheating. Monitor the serviceability and compliance of children’s clothing and footwear with the microclimate and weather conditions.

In case of wind strengthening to unacceptable parameters, weather conditions worsening (rain, snowstorm, etc.)

during
a walk , the teacher must immediately bring the children into the room.
During the walk, the teacher makes sure that the children do not leave the kindergarten area. In the event of a child’s unauthorized departure, immediately report the incident to the head of the preschool educational institution, who organizes the search for the child, notifies the Department of Education, the police, and parents in accordance with the notification scheme.

During the walk , the teacher should teach safe behavior skills and rules for safe handling of various objects.

When choosing games, the teacher must take into account the psychophysical characteristics of children of a given age, the children’s previous activities, and weather conditions.

Prohibited:

Leaving children alone, unattended by employees of the Institution ;

Use sharp, piercing, cutting objects, or broken toys in children's games.

The teacher must immediately notify the supervisor and parents of any accident involving a child, and, if necessary, involve medical personnel to provide first aid. If necessary, arrange for the child to be taken to the emergency department.