Consultation for parents. “Moral education of a preschooler in the family”

Consultation for parents. “Moral education of a preschooler in the family”

03/12/2019, Group No. 11 No comments

Preschool childhood is an important period in the moral development of the individual. Research by scientists in the field of pedagogy and psychology indicates the formation of the basic moral qualities of an individual during these years. The family plays a special role in the moral development of the child. The family has a strong influence on the developing personality. Its impact is long-lasting and constant. By mastering the norms of behavior and attitudes of parents, the child adopts a lot from them, and behaves accordingly with loved ones and outside the family.

Moral education involves the formation in a child of feelings, habits of moral behavior and moral ideas - about good and evil, about the phenomena of social life.

Teachers and parents face the following tasks in developing moral behavior in children:

- formation of a culture of behavior, educating them at home, in kindergarten, and public places, observing generally accepted norms;

- teach respect, treat others, take into account their affairs, interests, comforts;

— to cultivate a culture of communication with adults and peers, expressed in sociability, restraint, delicacy, modesty, sensitivity, and the ability to take into account the interests of the majority;

— cultivate a culture of activity (the ability to handle toys, books, personal belongings, the ability to negotiate with children, etc.);

- develop in the child basic skills for organizing his free time in accordance with the established routine of life in kindergarten and in the family;

— to form reasonable needs in the child and cultivate a sense of duty.

Good manners do not develop on their own, as many parents believe. The very definition of “good manners” suggests that this is the result of his upbringing. Unfortunately, some parents believe that nurturing a culture of behavior and communication skills, politeness, and restraint is the lot of adults, and therefore they say: “Everything will come with age, but for now you’ll ask him. Child". Meanwhile, the preschooler grows up without knowing the most basic and accessible laws of decency.

Raising a small child begins with instilling in him useful habits that organize his behavior and communication with adults and peers.

What are the most important moral qualities we want to see in our children?

Politeness... It decorates a person, makes him attractive, evokes a feeling of sympathy among others - “Nothing is so cheap and is not valued so much as politeness.” It is important that any manifestation of politeness becomes a well-recognized necessity for the child.

Politeness acquires value if it is manifested at the behest of the heart.

Sensitivity... This moral quality of a person is expressed in his attitude towards others. Sensitivity is manifested in caring for people, the ability to come to their aid. In the family, parents should teach their children to show this quality in business (“Help grandma”; “Share with your brother”), develop the ability to sympathize (Mom is tired, don’t make noise, play quietly).

A sense of tact... It is a regulator of a person’s actions. Tact helps to determine when to enter into a conversation and when to remain silent, what is possible and good and what is unacceptable and bad, how to resolve an acute situation so as not to offend a person, how to convincingly defend your position and at the same time not to humiliate or offend the pride of others.

With targeted upbringing, an older preschooler should have an elementary sense of tact. It manifests itself in not insisting on the immediate fulfillment of one’s desire if an adult refuses, in the ability to wait, to give in, not to interrupt the conversation of adults, to take into account the mood and capabilities of loved ones, not to vigorously express one’s curiosity when it concerns a stranger, not to utter out loud your opinion about him, etc. A child must be able to behave ethically towards people around him, without offending their human dignity.

Consideration... It is necessary to ensure that children show consideration, attention, and help to others out of good intentions.

Older preschoolers are already able to understand what it means to be helpful, to be able to offer help without waiting to be asked. It is necessary to prompt the child in cases where he can show caution: pick up a dropped item, hold the door, letting the older or younger one pass ahead.

Modesty... This moral personality trait is an indicator of true upbringing. A modest person does not try to seem original, does not stick out his “I,” and behaves simply, naturally, with dignity. Modesty is accompanied by respect and sensitivity towards people and high demands on oneself.

Modesty must be instilled in a child from an early age. A person who was not taught restraint and modest behavior in childhood later acquires these qualities with difficulty.

It is necessary to develop in children the ability to take into account the opinions of the majority and the convenience of others; to act well not for the sake of praise, but because it cannot be otherwise; teach children not to brag about their successes, a beautiful dress or toy, and not to rush into answers in class. Children who do not have modesty should be praised less often (“Not only you can do it, but others too”), and instill in them the ability to obey generally accepted rules.

It happens that parents make a mistake in assessing the child’s command, they strive for their child to behave naturally, at ease, but at the same time they cannot always determine the boundaries where ease ends and swagger begins. If the concepts of “behaving at ease” and “behaving casually” are identified, then it may happen that instead of the ability to act casually, swagger is reinforced in the child. Parents did not take into account one nuance: ease also implies restraint and modesty.

Sociability... It is based on elements of goodwill, friendliness towards others - indispensable conditions in developing a culture of relationships in children. A child who experiences the joy of communicating with peers will readily give up a toy to a friend just to be close to him; for him, showing kindness is more natural than impudence and harshness. These manifestations are the origins of respect for people. A sociable child quickly finds a place in the children's team.

Discipline... It manifests itself in a person's actions. From childhood, it is necessary to develop qualities in a child: the ability to be active, take initiative, independence, collectivism.

MAGAZINE Preschooler.RF

Spiritual and moral education in kindergarten is an integral part of the comprehensive education of a child, a necessary prerequisite for the revival of national culture; A qualitatively new stage of spiritual and moral education in kindergarten is the integration of its content into the everyday life of children, into all types of children's activities and traditional methods of preschool education.

Childhood is the time of development of all human powers, both mental and physical, the acquisition of knowledge about the world around us, the formation of moral skills and habits. In preschool age, there is an active accumulation of moral experience and turning to spiritual life. Systematic spiritual and moral education of a child from the first years of life ensures his adequate social development and harmonious personality formation.

Purpose of education:

• To lay the foundations of a spiritual and moral personality with an active life position, the ability for perfection and harmonious interaction with other people.
• To cultivate in children mercy, compassion, the ability to forgive insults, the desire to help those in need, to be tolerant and peaceful in relationships with everyone.
• Learn to be an example for others not in words, but in deeds, avoid evil, envy - be content with what you have, be able to ask for forgiveness, act honestly, never do to others what you do not want for yourself.
• Help maintain purity and chastity.
• To arouse interest in the study of Orthodoxy among educators and parents, thereby opening the way to spiritual improvement and knowledge of national culture.

Tasks:

• To foster patriotic feelings that connect different generations.
• Teach ethical behavior and self-discipline.
• Improve artistic taste, develop the creative potential of every child.
• To form artistic and speech skills, to replenish children’s vocabulary.
• To cultivate spiritual and moral feelings, revealing the meaning of Orthodoxy in a person’s life as an act of love, kindness, humanity, and unity.
• Orient the family toward the spiritual and moral education of children, familiarize parents with the basics of Orthodox pedagogy and psychology, and form ideas about the forms of family life.

Education of a spiritual personality is possible only through the joint efforts of the family, educational institution and the state. One of the problems of modern education is that the historical continuity of generations is not respected in the process of education. Children are deprived of the opportunity to follow the example of people who lived in the past; they do not know from the point of view of what truths past generations solved the problems that arose before them, which served as a beacon and source of creativity for them.

CHILDHOOD GUIDE

Summary of the parent meeting in the senior group “The role of parents in the moral education of their children”

Bakulina Elena Viktorovna , senior teacher of MBDOU No. 73, Murmansk

Objectives: 1. To unite the parent team through the game, so that everyone can feel the joy of communication. 2. Promote independent pedagogical creativity of parents. 3. Help parents find the key to solving many difficult issues in the moral education of children.

Calm, pleasant music sounds.

Educator: Good evening, dear parents! We are glad to meet you. Today you will become participants in a business game and we will talk about a topic that interests us all - the moral education of our children. After all, only through the joint efforts of the family and kindergarten can certain results be achieved. Helping a child understand what is evil and good, not leaving him indifferent to all living things, to his city, to his people - this is the goal that should stand before us, adults.

Where do you need to start? (Parents' statements). That's right, from the most dear, from loved ones and relatives, from the child himself. Understanding the feeling of patriotism and love for the Motherland comes to the child in the family through the feelings of the mother and father. It is important to form a child’s idea of ​​himself, his place in the family (girl, daughter, sister, granddaughter, niece...). Introduce the history of the family, its pedigree, the place of each member in the life of the family. Does your child know his grandparents and other relatives? What are their names? What do they do or have they done? Do you and your children look at photographs from a family album? Our main conditions are the creation of a relaxed atmosphere that will facilitate the rapid search for new ideas and solutions. This will allow us to get to know each other better, argue, think, and make decisions.

So, the rules of the game: Everyone within the group must speak out, but remember: “brevity is the sister of talent,” arguments are required, ideas are allowed to be supplemented and developed. Conditions of the game: All participants must be friendly and trusting of each other. Psychological warm-up “Smile”.

Game “Flower of Mood” Goal: To create a great mood in parents and a desire to communicate. Educator: Take a flower, tear off a petal and give it to a neighbor with a smile, who in turn will give it to the other and so on in a circle, this is an important condition when we meet. A truly educated person can be in an environment in which the traditions and customs of generations are respected, where there is a close connection between the past, present and future. Only his family can give such an opportunity to a person. You are in a good mood. How to give it to other people without words, to convey the warmth of your soul. How to communicate your great mood without words. Of course, with a smile! A smile can warm you with its warmth, show your friendliness and improve your mood. This is the main weapon of our children - a smile - given to you, which makes them happy and forgiving for their pranks.

Educator: V.A. Sukhomlinsky wrote: “Father and mother are the greatest authorities for a child. Remember: what jumps off the parents’ tongue, jumps off the child’s tongue. Kindergarten plays a leading role in educating the younger generation. However, the family gives the child his first life experience; it is in the family that the foundations of character and moral character are laid; the direction of the interests and inclinations of the younger generation largely depends on the family. Sociological studies show that the upbringing of a child is influenced by: family - 50%; television - 30%; kindergarten - 10%; street-10%.

Therefore, today we will talk about the role of parents in the moral education of children in the family. Here you have one apple, only one, and you know very well that the growing child’s body needs it more than you do, and yet, do not give the child the entire only apple, do not create privileges for him. Remember that in addition to the body, your child also has a psyche, a developing character, in this case, along with vitamins for the child’s health, you will introduce a terrible virus into his soul, the virus of immorality. A family unites people with common interests, a common life, common joys, and common hardships. When mother and father share all the chores, the child will not grow up to be selfish. Family unity is strengthened by involving the child in family affairs that are generally available to him: participation in housework, in solving certain economic issues, in organizing family leisure. Children are convinced that working together is successful, that it is more fun and better to act together. Think: 1. What principles do you follow when distributing responsibilities in the family? 2. How are the age characteristics of the child taken into account? 3. What permanent and temporary assignments does your child have?

The saying goes: if you sow a habit, you will reap a character; if you sow a character, you will reap a destiny. Think about what habits you develop in your children (how our children greet). (Parents' answers).

Educator: Kindness towards each other, calm, affectionate speech, a calm tone in communication is a good and obligatory background for the formation of moral needs in a child, and, conversely, shouting, rude intonations - such a family atmosphere will lead to the opposite results. Moral needs begin: 1. With responsiveness, which we understand as a person's ability to understand the predicament or condition of another. It is necessary to cultivate responsiveness in a child even before he develops ideas about good, evil, duty and other concepts. 2. Another important element of moral needs is a moral attitude, which can be formulated as follows: “Do not harm anyone, but bring maximum benefit.” It needs to be formed in the child’s mind from the time he begins to speak. Thanks to this attitude, the child will always strive for good. 3. Another important structural element of moral needs is the ability for active kindness and intransigence towards all manifestations of evil.

We bring to your attention situations in which we, as parents, could find ourselves. How to act with dignity? Situation No. 1: The boy was punished. His father talked to him seriously and, as punishment, did not allow him to leave the house. Friends came and invited him to go to the cinema. The mother felt sorry for her son and began to persuade his father to let him go with his friends. There was a conflict between the parents. What is the right thing to do to avoid conflict? Law: Parents must make uniform demands on their children.

Situation No. 2: Parents decided to go out of town and work in the country. Everyone found a job, except Petya. He was offered to weed the beds and bring water from the spring, but he refused all offers. He ran around the garden after butterflies, shouted, and interfered with his work. Why did this situation arise? Law: The foundations of hard work should be laid from childhood.

Situation No. 3: The girl really wanted to surprise her mother. She washed the dishes. Mom came home from work. The girl rushed to her and kissed her. Mom was not in the mood and did not react to the kiss. Then the daughter invited her to the table for dinner. After dinner, mom said thank you and went to her room. What would you do in her place? Law: A child needs affection and praise.

Situation No. 4: Mom came home from work and her son met her. At home he offers her slippers and sets the table. After dinner, the boy sat down with his mother to complete the task, since he could not cope on his own. Mom explained the task to him, praised him for his neat work and hugged him tenderly. What kind of relationships do you think have developed between the members of this family? Law: Respectful attitude of family members towards each other.

An opposite example to this can be a good and instructive fairy tale, which tells that young parents, having an old father, did not allow him to eat at the common table. And so that, God forbid, he would not break the porcelain plates, they bought him a wooden plate and a spoon, from which he practically could not eat. After some time, they found their four-year-old son trying to make something out of a wooden block. To the parents' question about that. What the child is making, the kid answered that he is making dishes for his parents so that they can eat from it when they grow old. Isn't this an illustration of the emotions and feelings experienced by a child in his own home?

Situation No. 5: There are two children in a family: a brother and a sister. My brother goes to 4th grade, my sister goes to kindergarten. They pay more attention to my sister, since she is still small. They buy toys more often for her than for her brother, based on the fact that he is beyond this age. The boy is very offended, but his parents do not react to this. What should we not forget when raising children of different ages? Law: The family must have a correct and equal distribution of material and moral resources for children.

Conclusion: If these laws are followed in the family, it means that the child will succeed as an individual.

Educator: How often do we face the same problem: we lecture children on how to behave, give them useful advice, warn them against mistakes, but in the end we get the opposite results. Maybe our actions do not always correspond to what we say?

We offer you the game “Finish the sentence” . Please take one colored pencil from the stand, unroll a roll of paper on it, read it carefully and complete the sentence with one or two words, adding the word “he is studying.” 1. The child is constantly criticized, he learns... (to hate). 2. The child lives in hostility, he learns... (to be aggressive). 3. The child lives in reproaches, he learns... (to live with guilt). 4. The child is praised, he learns... (to be grateful). 5. A child grows up in honesty, he learns... (to be fair). 6. The child grows up in safety, he learns... (to believe in people). 7. The child is supported in all his endeavors, he learns... (to value himself). 8. The child is ridiculed, he learns... (to be withdrawn). 9. The child lives in understanding and friendship, he learns... (to find love in the world). Thank you for your advice and warnings, they will help many of you in a certain situation.

Thus, you and I must join forces in raising a kind, convinced, honest person. And may the children always have a kind and reliable friend, parent, mentor nearby in this life; it depends on you how your child will grow up. Kindergarten will adjust something, but we are molding from what is already involved.

Practical task for parents “Folding the sheet” : Take a piece of paper. Have you ever scolded your children angrily and without restraint? With each fold of the sheet, remember the negative things said to the child. Now start unbending the sheet and with each unbending remember the good things you said to the children. You straightened the piece of paper, but there were still fold lines on it. Likewise, trauma from misunderstanding and injustice towards them remains in the child’s soul for the rest of his life. Conclusion: The family and kindergarten perform their functions, therefore they cannot replace each other and must interact for the sake of the full development of the child. Whether you want it or not, But the point, comrades, is that, first of all, we are parents, And everything else comes later! Good luck, dear parents!

Conversation “Family Anthem” . Dear parents, the children have prepared “gifts” for you - their palms and drew their hearts on them. And you write on each finger what you affectionately call your child to the music of “Family Anthem” (I. Reznik). I would like to end our meeting with a poem, once again confirming everything that was discussed at the meeting. “A child learns what he sees in his home. His parents are his example! Whoever is rude in front of his wife and children, Who loves the language of debauchery, Let him remember that he will receive from them with interest everything that he teaches them. It was not the wolf who raised the sheep, it was the father who gave the crab the gait! If children see us and hear us, we are responsible for our deeds. And for the words: it is easy to push children down a bad path. Keep your house in decency, so as not to repent later.” (Sebastian Brandt).

Dear parents, do not take our words as criticism - these are words of gratitude and a little help.

Memo for parents “Secrets of raising a polite child”

Your child will be polite and well-mannered if you behave: - delicately towards everyone around you, especially towards your friends and acquaintances; - never insult the human dignity of your son or daughter, do not shout at your child, do not speak rude words in front of him or when addressing him, and do not use physical punishment for educational purposes; - do not make endless comments on trifles, and where possible, encourage your child’s independence; — make uniform demands on children and, if one of you does not agree with the other’s comments, express them in the absence of the child; — when you present any demands to your child, you place them on yourself; - respect the dignity of the child, excluding the words: “You are still small”, “It’s too early for you”, etc. - do not forget to say the polite words “please”, “good night”, “thank you for your help” more often, then the child will follow your example; - use praise often; — instill the rules of cultural behavior in children systematically, and not occasionally.

Memo for parents “The art of punishing and forgiving”

1. Praise your child more often than condemn him, encourage him rather than point out failures, instill hope rather than emphasize that it is impossible to change the situation. 2. For a child to believe in his success, adults must first of all believe in it. It's easier to punish, harder to educate. 3. Do not create dangerous precedents yourself and sharply limit the range of prohibitions. If you allowed your child something yesterday, allow it today. Be consistent. 4. The prohibitions of all adults in the family should be the same. 5. You can extinguish a child’s belligerence with your calmness. 6. Do not infringe on the child’s dignity and self-esteem. 7. Try to understand the child and evaluate the bad deed from his position. 8. If there is any doubt whether to punish or not, do not punish!

Commandments for parents Commandments for a favorable relationship between parents and children

• Family begins with “We”; solve any contradictions and problems together. • Respect each other, be attentive to the requests and desires of the other. • Do not reproach, blame or humiliate each other. • Hurry to do a good deed and do not expect a reward. • Be tolerant, do not rush to express your anger, think first. • Know how to understand and forgive each other. • Laugh together, not at... • Look for the good in each other, talk about virtues • Even if you are sure that someone is to blame, look for the reason in yourself. • Take the first step forward if a quarrel or conflict arises. What to do if problems are not resolved? • Be aware that you will need patience and persistence. • Come to terms with the idea that everyone has the right to their own opinion, everyone needs to be able to respect the rights of others. • Use a strategy of cooperation, that is, maximum satisfaction of the interests of both parties, this will make it possible to resolve the conflict constructively.

Use the five basic rules of family relationships 1. Kind words 2. Spend time together 3. Help each other 4. Gifts 5. Touch

Proverbs-"hearts" Purpose: To develop social thinking, social creativity, sociability, to introduce the rules of behavior in society.
- And now, I offer you, dear parents, paper hearts with Russian folk proverbs about family, you take out small hearts from your big heart, think and explain the meaning of the proverb. “When the sun is warm - and when there is good in the mother” “A mother feeds her children - like a land of people” “There is no better friend than your own mother” “You don’t need a treasure - when there is harmony in the family” “The mistress of the house is like a pancake in honey or a bee in garden” “A hut is not red in its corners, but red in its pies” “It’s good when visiting, but at home it’s better” “Home and walls help” “My home is my fortress” “Like parents, like children” “Life is beautiful when there is peace at home” . Thank you for your heartfelt explanations. Questioning parents as one of the conditions for the success of additional education in preschool educational institutions Pedagogical support for parents in local history Formation of a responsible attitude among parents towards raising children Recommendations for parents on the development of speech in children 2-3 years old >