Under the water
In the underwater world, everything is different from what we have on earth.
You need to move there not standing, but lying down. It is very difficult to walk there, but easy to fly. And you can even jump upside down there.
Arms and legs in this world become a third shorter, and fish, shells and algae become a third longer than their height. Water flattens distances and enlarges objects.
There is never rain or snow in the underwater world. There are not stars or clouds in the sky, but waves. Air bubbles roll between the waves - shiny, like stars!
In winter it’s not white, but black: it’s an impenetrable night all winter.
There is no horizon - the line where the earth meets the sky.
There are no cheerful sunbeams galloping across the land of the underwater world. Wide ribbons of sunlight sway there - reflections of the waves and the sun. Purple shadows from red bushes lie on the unsteady gray ground. A soft green haze covered everything around - there are no sharp shadows or sharp corners.
Everything is wrong, illusory and mysterious.
Everything is not the same as here on earth.
* * *
I could hardly wait for summer: I was so impatient to go under the water and see the fish.
Our lake fish are not a curiosity. Ruffs, roaches, perches, pikes - who hasn’t held them in their hands?
But it’s one thing to have a fish in your hand, and another thing to have it in the water. The fish is at home in the water, that’s where it lives. And the fish in your hand collapses and dies.
A dead fish even has a lifeless, faded color.
Fishermen say that dead fish wither.
Or maybe the fish are alive! Bright, fast, frisky.
Who doesn’t want to look at these!
I put a diving mask on my face.
He put his feet into rubber fins.
I began to look like a one-eyed frog. And, like a frog, he dived into the water.
"Finding Nemo"
Children's animated film about the clown fish Marlin, who lost his wife and almost all of their offspring due to a predator attack. Marlin has only one surviving son, Nemo, and now his father protects him with all his might. But his care puts too much pressure on little Nemo, who is just beginning to learn about the world around him. One day Nemo swam far from his home and got caught in a fishermen's net. Marlin sets out to find his son, and along the way he encounters many sea creatures. A difficult road awaits him, filled with discoveries and new acquaintances. After watching this cartoon, we recommend watching its second part, “Finding Dory.”
Fifth name
Roaches are just like swallows: slender, fast, restless. But they don’t look like swallows in color.
In the water, roaches appear gray, and fishermen sometimes call them seryanki for this. Or rudds - for their red fins.
Roaches are always on the move. Either they dart like gray shadows between the algae, or they suddenly shoot up and flash like sunbeams. Because of this shine, the roach is also called the silver roach.
The roach also has one more name - the fourth. Somehow I made my way through the thickets and swam out into an underwater clearing. The clearing is empty. Some bubbles, like white moths, flew up.
And suddenly red sparks swirled around me!
I even shuddered - my eyes!
Red, shiny, like lights.
You can’t swim past such eyes, you’ll stop: not eyes, but real brake lights!
Because of its red eyes, many fishermen call the roach red-eyed.
How many names does the roach have: seryanka, rudd, silverfish, red-eye! And everyone is good.
But if it were up to me, I would give the roaches a fifth name - water swallow. They are very playful and dexterous. And the tail is like a swallow’s, with a fork.
Underwater urchins
In the ruff, as in the hedgehog, the most noticeable thing is the spines.
Head, tail, spines in the middle - that's the whole ruff.
And also the eyes: lilac-blue, large, like a frog’s.
Ruff is as tall as a little finger. And if it’s the size of an index finger, then he’s already a ruff old man.
These old men scared me. I swim and see: the bottom is moving! It stirred and stared at me with points of dark eyes.
These are ruffs - old man to old man! They themselves are invisible: tails, heads, spines - everything is as spotted as the bottom. Only eyes are visible. I hung over the ruffs, my fins dangling.
The ruffs became wary. The timid ones suddenly began to fall to the bottom, bend over and deliberately raise clouds of turbidity.
And the angry and brave ruffled the thorns on their humps - don’t come near them!
Like a hawk above the sparrows, I began to circle over the flock of ruff.
The ruffs waited.
I began to wheeze into the breathing tube.
The ruffs were not afraid.
I widened my eyes - at least they didn’t care!
Then I... almost said: “I spat on the ruffs”... No, I didn’t spit, you can’t spit under water, but I waved my flipper at the ruffs and swam away.
No such luck!
A sharp swing of the fin caused mud to rise and swirl from the bottom. All the ruffs rushed to her: after all, delicious worms and larvae rose from the bottom along with the mud!
The faster I worked with my fins, in a hurry to swim away, the more silt I lifted from the bottom.
Clouds of silt swirled behind me like dark storm clouds. Behind the clouds were flocks of ruffs.
The ruffs only lagged behind when I swam to the depths. But at the depths I felt uneasy. I was not yet accustomed to the depth - these were still my first steps under water.
The bottom sank deeper and deeper. And it seemed to me that I was flying above the ground and soaring higher and higher. I just wanted to grab onto something so as not to fall from such a height!
I turned back.
It's overgrown again. There are ruffs in the thickets. It seems more fun: all living souls!
Little fingered ruffs swim in the middle of the water, and old men swim at the bottom. Now I deliberately raised the mud with my flippers. “Old men” and “little fingers,” like sparrows on millet, rushed at her.
I no longer scare the ruffs: I don’t wheeze into the phone, I don’t stare at them.
Just looking.
And therefore, even the most timid no longer fall on their sides to pick up the mud from the bottom and hide in it. And the angriest ones don’t have thorns on their humps.
Flexible guys. The spines in the ruffs, although the most noticeable thing, are not the most important thing!
CRAB
The crab played sea football, He scored a goal with his claw. Everyone was so happy that the team won. (N. Migunova) Crabs run along the bottom of warm seas and oceans. They have a wide and short body covered with a durable shell. Crabs have five pairs of legs. The front legs are transformed into powerful claws. With the help of claws, crabs cut their food into pieces and put it into their mouths. Crabs, like other inhabitants of the seabed, are good scavengers. They eat the rotting remains of marine organisms, clearing the ocean of harmful substances. But sometimes crabs attack underwater plantations where oysters and mussels are bred. Traveling along the bottom, crabs are forced to hide from predators and camouflage themselves. They attach pieces of algae to the spines on their legs. And the junk crab, which lives in the Mediterranean Sea, collects everything that comes into its claws - empty shells, broken glass, fish heads - and puts it on its back. Such “scenery” perfectly camouflages the crab. When a junk crab is threatened, it exposes its back with junk to the predator. The wandering crab once deceived even Christopher Columbus himself. This type of crab does not live at the bottom, but travels along the surface of the ocean, sitting on a detached algae or tree branch. When Columbus approached the shores of America, sailors noticed a wandering crab in the Sargasso Sea.
They decided that there was land somewhere nearby, but in fact the nearest shore was still very far away. The king crab is similar in appearance to a real crab, but is actually a relative of the hermit crab. It has not five, but four pairs of legs. Kamchatka crab is a real giant! The width of its shell reaches 25 centimeters, the distance between the ends of its legs is up to 1.5 meters. Kamchatka crabs live in the Seas of Japan, Okhotsk and Bering Seas. Most of them are off the coast of Kamchatka. TONGUER The crab made a rake for the crab, The crab gave the rake to the crab. Hay rake, crab, rake. RIDDLE He deftly collects garbage, cleans the bottom of the sea. (Crab)
Fish kids
Light and fun underwater on a sunny day!
Especially in shallow water. There, in sandy clearings, long and thin algae grow, similar to green hair.
From the cold and gloomy depths, fry swim out to these clearings to take a sunbath. The fry hustle in the clearing like hustle mosquitoes.
Swimming through a swarm of fry will feel like running through a rain of mushrooms. Everything around sparkles, and light “rains” tickle your body. The fry look into the mask and wag their tails right next to the nose. But catching them is as impossible as catching falling raindrops.
The fry are always very busy. Then they suck leaves - green nipples. Then they hang on their lips from the seaweed - and hang like shiny dewdrops.
The greedy grab mosquitoes from the watery sky, and the curious even stick their noses into our world.
One day a blizzard of moths swept over the water. Light-winged mayflies covered the water with white wings. The fry immediately stuck their noses out of the water. But then suddenly a terrible black shadow flashed over their heads. The fry splashed down in horror.
I surfaced and managed to see a black monster. It was... a swallow! She picked up moths that had fallen on the water.
The little ones have had a lot of fear!
But the fish, like all the guys, don’t like to lose heart. The swallow has flown away - everyone gets down to business at once. Who has his nose to the sky, his tail down; who sucks a leaf; who pulls a moth by the wing.
Gray waves roll across the sky. Wide yellow ribbons of light sway along the bottom.
Balls of air roll between the waves, and fry sway between the yellow ribbons. Shiny like droplets of the sun.
Light and fun underwater!
Jellyfish
Jellyfish are marine animals that live in all oceans and seas. As a rule, they have transparent bodies, since these creatures are 97% water.
Jellyfish.
Young jellyfish do not look like adults. Jellyfish lay eggs, from which larvae are formed, from which a polyp grows, similar to a bush. After some time, jellyfish break away from the bush, from which adults emerge.
Jellyfish can come in different shapes and colors. They can reach several millimeters in length and can grow up to 2.5 meters. Their tentacles sometimes reach 30 centimeters. These creatures can live at a depth of about 2000 meters and on the very surface of the sea.
Most jellyfish can cause severe burns to the skin.
Most of the jellyfish are very beautiful. These transparent creatures seem completely harmless, but jellyfish are active predators. The jellyfish has special capsules concentrated in its mouth and tentacles that paralyze the victim. In the middle of the capsule there is a long thread that is in a curled state. When the victim approaches, this thread with a poisonous liquid is thrown out. If a crustacean touches a jellyfish, it will instantly stick to the tentacles, and poisonous threads will immediately shoot into it, paralyzing it.
Jellyfish venom can affect people in different ways. Some individuals are absolutely safe, while others pose a threat. The cross jellyfish, which is no larger in size than a 5-kopeck coin, is dangerous to humans. The transparent yellow-green umbrella has a dark cross-shaped pattern. This pattern gives this poisonous jellyfish its name. When the cross is touched, a person gets a severe burn, after which he loses consciousness, and an attack of suffocation begins. If assistance is not provided in time, the victim will die on the spot.
Jellyfish are creatures that seem weightless.
Jellyfish swim by contracting their dome-shaped umbrella. The jellyfish performs about 140 contractions per minute with its umbrella, so it can swim quite quickly. These creatures spend most of their time on the surface of the water.
In 2002, a huge jellyfish was found in the Sea of Japan, the umbrella of which exceeded 3 meters in size and weighed about 150 kilograms. It is the largest recorded jellyfish. It is noteworthy that jellyfish of this species, measuring about 1 meter in size, began to be found in the thousands. Scientists cannot understand why these jellyfish have increased in size so much, but it is believed that they were influenced by rising water temperatures.
Knight
No one has ever attacked me in the water. Even big toothy pikes. And suddenly a baby as tall as a finger pounced! Its body is protected by wide shiny plates. Like a knight clad in armor. There is a trident on the hump - three spines. There are two more on the chest, like two daggers.
The knight menacingly spread out all his five thorns and fearlessly stood in my way. He just turned completely dark with anger, and his eyes turned green with anger.
The knight was brave and handsome. His back was blue, his sides were silver, and his cheeks were crimson.
I extended my finger towards him. He rushed forward, poked his finger with a trident, and blood flowed upward from his finger in a viscous stream.
I backed away, kicking up clouds of silt with my flippers. He quickly hid behind a bush of fluffy hornwort and began to watch.
And then the secret of the brave little knight was revealed to me: it turns out that he was guarding his house!
His house was the size of a fist and looked like a fist, loosely clenched: on one side there was an entrance, on the other there was an exit. And there was caviar in the house.
No one could approach his house with impunity. Threatening its thorns, it even attacked large fish. Here a leech floated over the house, wriggling like a black ribbon. The knight turned all purple, grabbed the leech with his teeth and began to torment it, like a dog tormenting a rat. He grabbed the water scorpion by the claw, dragged it under a wide leaf of a water lily and spat it out there.
Not for a moment did he forget about his enemies. Even a passing leaf and a moving shadow drove him crazy. He immediately “changed in his face”, his eyes turned green, and red spots appeared on his cheekbones. Even the white belly was red with anger.
You could immediately tell his mood by the color of his belly.
The armor shone: the knight was ready to fight both with a tiny smooth bug and with a giant man.
Who would have thought that even a simple stickleback becomes a knight if its home is threatened!
Father stickleback guarded his house.
The father stickleback is a very caring fish - not like the mother stickleback. The mother stickleback will lay eggs - and remember her name. And the stickleback dad guards the eggs. And then she grazes her restless stickleback babies. He grabs the most lively and disobedient ones, running away from home, with his mouth, drags them back and spits them right out the door.
They say that if you destroy a stickleback’s house, the father stickleback turns pale from grief and completely loses its bright fighting coloring. And he even stops eating.
I didn’t want such a beautiful and lively fish to become pale and boring. I got out of the hornwort bush and swam away from the fish house.
2. As you know, about 70% of the Earth's surface is covered with water. About 1.3 billion cubic kilometers of water on the planet in seas, rivers and oceans are still poorly understood on Earth, as are the creatures that live in them.
3. Without plankton, the entire world of marine life would cease to exist. Plankton are microscopic creatures that are invisible to the naked eye. Their design does not allow them to move arbitrarily in the water. The position of this creature depends on the current, they are not able to resist it.
4. In nature, there are two types of plankton: zooplankton, which is formed from living organisms; and phytoplankton are special marine plants. They give the water a slightly green tint.
PLANKTON
5. There is so much plankton in water that in one liter of it millions of these creatures are found. Moreover, they not only serve as food that all marine life eats, but also participate in the restoration of oxygen in the water.
6. Jellyfish appeared on Earth so long ago that their distant ancestors witnessed the life of dinosaurs. The range of sizes of these creatures of different species is striking. The smallest of them are the size of a pinhead, while the largest have a dome with a diameter of two and a half meters, and their tentacles grow up to fifty meters.
JELLYFISH
7. The breathing of a jellyfish is very different from the breathing of a person or even a fish. The jellyfish does not have lungs or gills, or indeed any other respiratory organ. The walls of its gelatinous body and tentacles are so thin that oxygen molecules freely penetrate through the jelly-like “skin” straight into the internal organs. Thus, the jellyfish breathes over the entire surface of its body.
8. Since jellyfish mostly die after reproduction, their life span is very short. Very rare specimens live in nature for more than two years. Most often they are given only a few months. In captivity, these marine inhabitants can live for quite a long time.
STARFISH
9. A species of starfish called Lunckia columbiae can reproduce its entire body from a 1-centimeter-long particle.
10. Most species of cetaceans prefer sea spaces. The exception is the humpback whale, which lives near the coast. There are cases when these animals were spotted in bays and rivers. These sea creatures love to perform acrobatic stunts. They emerge from the water and dance gracefully.
OCTOPUS SWIM
11. Sea giants - octopuses are very interesting for their unusual structure. After all, octopuses have tentacles instead of legs, and they have no bones at all. Thanks to the latter fact, this creature can easily squeeze into a tiny hole, the diameter of which is only one centimeter.
12. Corals are formed from small animals. Although many believe that these are marine plants. Coral reefs are home to many animals and plants. This is due to the calm sea inside them. In addition, they have a lot of light and warmth. The inside of the reef is teeming with life, while the outside is empty and bottomless.
13. The largest coral has a length of more than two thousand kilometers. It is located off the coast of Australia. Underwater volcanoes sometimes rise to the surface of the ocean. Regularly shaped coral reefs can form around such craters. They form coral islands called atolls.
14. Most sharks repel predators simply because they are sharks. However, there are still predators that hunt sharks. And the smaller the shark species, the more enemies it has. The California bloat shark is one of the smallest shark breeds. It grows to about 1 meter in length and is about the size of a small Doberman Pinscher.
15. These sharks feed on bottom-dwelling creatures, preferring to ambush crabs and unsuspecting cuttlefish rather than risky pursuit of ordinary fish. An adventurous day means stealing lobsters from fishermen's traps. And on defense, the California bloat shark is a master of camouflage: when threatened, it sucks water into pouches around its belly and doubles in size.
KEITH NARWAL
16. Despite its terrifying appearance - a long straight horn - the narwhal is a rather good-natured creature that lives in the waters of the Arctic.
17. Interesting facts about sea creatures - octopuses: the blood of these creatures is blue; they have three hearts; octopuses are deaf; they can separate any part of the body, which then grows back; octopuses easily change their color to adapt to their environment; they turn completely white with fear; in order to confuse the pursuer, these animals throw out a cloud of ink.
18. Male crabs have one claw that is significantly larger than the other. These crabs got their name because they seem to call females to them by moving this claw. Males of one of the species of lure crab Uca mjobergi went further - if they lose a large claw in a fight with another male, then they grow it even larger, although much weaker. However, for females its appearance becomes more significant, and other males are afraid to engage in battle with the owner of such a claw.
19. Unusual sea predators - stingrays. Their bodies are strongly flattened and resemble a scarf. When the stingray lies on the bottom, it is perfectly camouflaged. His swimming style resembles flying in the water column. Some species of stingrays are poisonous. They have a spike on their back that releases a poisonous substance. And their mouth is on their belly. Moreover, it is equipped with a large number of sharp teeth.
20. Lobsters really feel pain when they are thrown into boiling water. However, by immersing them in salt water before cooking, you can numb them.
CANCER-MANTIS
21. Mantis crayfish live in tropical and subtropical seas. They have the most complex eyes in the whole world. If people can distinguish three primary colors, then these creatures can distinguish as many as twelve. They also see infrared and ultraviolet rays.
22. The short-snouted pipistrelle fish has a very unusual appearance. It's all about the bright red lips on the body. Previously, scientists believed that such a part attracted other sea inhabitants. But later it turned out that this function is performed by the esca, a formation on the head that emits a specific odor. It attracts crustaceans, fish and worms.
23. For centuries, scientists, starting with the Greek philosopher Aristotle, have tried to understand how eels reproduce. Today they are known to lay eggs in the Sargasso Sea, between Bermuda and the Caribbean islands. Small larvae travel many thousands of kilometers to return to the rivers where their parents come from.
24. Marine predators such as sperm whales feed on cephalopods and fish. They are wonderful divers. They can dive for squid to depths of up to two kilometers. While searching for prey, sperm whales are capable of not breathing for about two hours.
25. Heikegani crabs live off the coast of Japan, the pattern on their shells resembles the face of an angry samurai. According to science popularizer Carl Sagan, this species owes its appearance to unintentional artificial selection. Many generations of Japanese fishermen, catching such crabs, released them back into the sea, as they considered them to be reincarnations of samurai killed in battle. By doing this, the fishermen increased the heikegani's chances of reproducing and increasing their numbers among other crabs.
GIANT SQUID
26. The giant Antarctic squid was recently a legend and fiction, until the largest mollusk was found in 2007. It was caught by fishermen from New Zealand off the coast of Antarctica. The squid was 10 meters long and weighed almost half a ton. After studying the mollusk, scientists discovered an incredible fact: its digestive system passed through the brain.
27. The names of sea creatures such as sunfish, needle fish, flounder and swordfish sound amazing. The first of them floats near the surface of the sea. This makes its fin visible above the water. From a distance it looks like a shark fin. However, it is completely harmless.
28. The needlefish hunts in a completely unique way: it approaches the prey, often hiding behind other fish, and sucks it into its long “beak” with lightning speed. In terms of its characteristics, the needle fish is very similar to the seahorse.
29. Balyanus or barnacle is also called sea tulip or acorn. At birth it looks like a water flea. As a result of initial development, he grows 14 legs and 3 eyes, and after that - 24 legs, and the eyes disappear. These creatures live by attaching themselves to solid objects.
30. When abalones feed on red algae, their shell turns red. A 10 cm long abalone can hold onto a rock so tightly that two strong people cannot tear it off.
CRAB-YETI
31. In 2005, during an expedition in the Pacific Ocean, scientists discovered crabs whose bodies were covered with fur. Because of their unusual appearance, they were nicknamed “Yeti crabs.”
32. Sea worms mate as follows: during the mating season, females and males gather in a swarm. Suddenly, the females pounce on the males and bite off their tails. The tails contain sperm. When swallowed, it moves through the digestive tract and fertilizes the female's eggs.
33. A new species of large squid was discovered by scientists in the Indian Ocean in 2009. Representatives of this species reach a length of 70 centimeters. They belong to the Chiroteuthid family, deep-sea squids with a long, narrow body.
34. Flounders can only have eyes on the right or left side of the body. It all depends on the species. These marine fish are unique in that their eggs do not contain fat. This causes the eggs of most flounder species to float near the surface. These fish do not like deep water. They live mainly near the coast. Rare individuals swim to depths of more than one kilometer.
35.It is interesting that flounder species are distinguished by mouth size. They can be largemouth or smallmouth. The first of them are predators, whose mouth is symmetrical and “equipped” with teeth on the sighted and blind sides of the body. Examples of such fish are halibut and flounder. They feed mainly on worms and small fish, mollusks and crustaceans, as well as brittle stars.
SEA SWORDFISH
36. Saltwater swordfish is the fastest fish, capable of reaching speeds of up to 130 kilometers per hour. For such speeds you need space. Therefore, it can only be found in the open ocean.
37. Monkfish came up with his own style of hunting. This predator shakes its antenna with a growth that resembles a worm in appearance. The fish “bite” at him, and he eats them.
38. Farmers in the Caribbean use the venom of a certain type of jellyfish as a poison for rats.
39. The leopard seal is a formidable and dangerous predator. This seal got its name because of its color, similar to the spots of a leopard. It feeds on penguins and other warm-blooded animals of the Antarctic. But the leopard seal does not mind picking up carrion or feasting on squid or fish.
40. The starfish is the only animal that can turn its stomach inside out. When it approaches its prey (usually representatives of mollusks), the star sticks its stomach out through its mouth and covers the victim’s shell with it. Then slowly digests the fleshy parts of the shellfish outside of its body
. FISH BLACK SHAMMER
41. The Black Crookshank is a fish that can swallow food weighing twice its own weight.
42. Swordfish fry feed on plankton. But after they grow to 2 cm, they begin to hunt. Their prey is small fish. At the same time, they begin to develop a sword-shaped appendage. The fry grow very quickly, and after a year their length is about 50 centimeters. The predator feeds on everything that comes in its way. And the size of the prey doesn't matter. With her sword she strikes the sea dweller. There are known facts that pieces of shark bodies were found in the stomachs of caught fish.
43. The most famous sea predators are sharks. They were able to survive the dinosaurs. Their sizes depend on the species. The largest of them reach 10-12 meters. Moreover, not all types of sharks are predators. There are some that feed on plankton. Sharks move very quickly due to their streamlined body shape. Unlike fish, they lay eggs, not eggs. These eggs may be attached to the bottom or algae.
44.And some species of sharks carry eggs inside themselves. Shark eggs hatch completely viable. Prominent representatives of this family: tiger and gray sharks. The first one is painted in a very original way. So much so that it resembles a tiger. She doesn't swim far from the coastline. Its diet consists of fish and crustaceans, birds and small mammals.
45. The gray shark also does not swim far into the sea. She looks for fish and crustaceans in the shallows. It does not purposefully attack people. But a person running in panic can be mistaken for a victim.
FLYING FISH
46. The flying fish invented a way to escape from enemies. She learned to glide over the sea. This is facilitated by its well-developed lateral fins.
47. Another predatory marine mammal is the killer whale. She has proven herself to be a brutal killer. But there are no documented facts about attacks on people.
48. Warlike swordfish. This name arose due to the unusual xiphoid process, which is located on its upper jaw. This is not the only feature. Swordfish have no scales. All this, as well as a sickle-shaped tail and a special shape of fins, allows it to be the fastest creature on Earth.
49. Blue whales are already born giants. Their length reaches 8 meters, and they weigh about 3 tons. The largest female of this whale that was caught weighed 190 tons.
50. Some types of octopuses are extremely poisonous. For example, the blue-ringed one, which has a diameter of about 3-4 centimeters and weighs only 100 grams. Its bite stops swallowing after 5 minutes. And after 30 minutes the person suffocates. Moreover, there is no effective antidote yet. The only way to save a person is to perform artificial ventilation until the poison stops working.
photo from the Internet
blue crayfish
Everyone knows that cancer is red. They even say: “Red as a lobster!” But cancer only turns red in boiling water. Live crayfish is brown in color. Everyone knows this too.
But does anyone know that among common crayfish there are blue ones?
One summer I caught one of these in the Gryaznaya River. Everything about him is like a brown crayfish: claws, eyes on stalks, a crayfish neck. And the color is blue!
The shells of common crayfish always match the color of the dark bottom, but this one is blue, like the spring sky. And what if it goes into boiling water, what will it become then? It would be nice to cook it. Crayfish eaters say that in those months in which there is no letter “r” - in the summer - crayfish are especially tasty!
Still, I didn’t cook the blue crayfish; I regretted it. Threw it back into the river. After all, maybe it’s cancer for all cancers. Maybe the whole breed of crustaceans will change from him. Maybe they won’t hide in dark holes like water rats, and won’t back away. Maybe they will rise from the dark bottom to the underwater sky and live among bright and beautiful fish. And maybe everyone will then call our Dirty River the Blue Crayfish River!
So here it is: not all crayfish are brown.
There are also blue ones.
Let it be known to you too!
Deep sea fauna
There are a great many inhabitants of the seabed, but their sizes are microscopic. These are mainly the simplest unicellular organisms, coelenterates, worms, crustaceans and mollusks. However, in deep water there are also fish and jellyfish that develop the ability to glow. Therefore, we can say that there is not absolute darkness under the water column. The fish that live there are predatory and use light to attract prey. One of the most unusual and terrifying, at first glance, is the hauliod. This is a small black fish with a long whisker on the lower lip, with the help of which it moves, and with terrible long teeth.
Shellfish
One of the most recognizable representatives of the mollusk order is the squid. It lives in both warm and cold seas. The colder the water, the paler the color of the squid. The change in color saturation also depends on the electrical impulse. Some individuals have three hearts, so they have the ability to regenerate. Squids are predators; they feed on small crustaceans and plankton.
Shellfish also include oysters, mussels, and scallops. These representatives have a soft body, closed in a shell of two valves. They practically do not move, bury themselves in silt or live in large colonies, located on rocks and underwater reefs.
Fish dances
Before sunrise, a purple cloud with a fiery rim hung over the horizon. The sun rose crimson, and everything - the earth and the sky - turned red. I am sitting under a willow bush with narrow red leaves. Ducks are whistling their wings overhead, and their wings are pink.
An extraordinary sunrise!
Red waves are crushed in the red river. Scarlet clouds of steam move above the wave.
Black seagulls screaming and rushing overhead, like a black crow above the glow of a fire. As if burned, they twist their wings and fall into the burning river, splashing out sheaves of sparks.
The seagulls are getting closer, their cries are getting louder.
And suddenly black fish began to jump out of the red waves. Narrow, like willow leaves. They fly out standing up and, standing up, tail down, fall into the red water. A whole joint flew out and scattered like a fan. Here it is again: one by one, one by one.
Fish dancing!
I look with all my eyes.
Could it be that the fish’s blood also flared up on this amazing red morning?
And in the middle of the river, in the commotion of the waves, two black specks are moving: a smaller speck and a larger speck. A flat head and a hump-like back stick out from the water. Otter! She dived as if she had melted, and fish immediately jumped out of the water and danced: up and down, up and down!
The seagulls saw it and fell, breaking their wings. They began to catch fish right on the fly.
Everything immediately became normal.
The sun rose, and the black seagulls turned white, the black fish turned silver, the red water turned gray. The purple cloud on the horizon moved and melted.
The predators—gulls and an otter—followed the dancing fish and disappeared around a bend in the river.
And I lay by the snag and wrote down what I saw. He started writing on a red piece of paper and ended up writing on a gold one.
Autumn underwater
You swim and undress, and I swim and get dressed. I put on warm underwear, warm trousers and a warm jacket. I put woolen socks on my feet and woolen gloves on my hands.
On top of everything is a rubber suit.
Mask on your face, fins on your feet, and into the water.
You swim in the summer, and I swim in late autumn. I look at how autumn is under water.
It's cold in the autumn in the underwater forest. A furious wind drives angry waves above. Yellow reeds bend over the water, as if looking into the depths.
And deep down everything is in motion. Drowned leaves squirm along the bottom. Mossy reeds sway. The swollen driftwood logs roll from side to side like piglets.
There is a high blue sky above the lake. There are burning candles on the banks of the birch tree. Black strict spruces. Trembling red aspen trees. Gold autumn.
But in the underwater forest there is no golden autumn. Autumn under water is always gloomy. Your face is freezing from the water. The leaves don't rustle, the wind doesn't whistle. The surrounding area is deserted and deaf.
The algae branches broke, drooped, and drooped. Everything faded and became covered with a thick layer of turbidity.
The fast shiny fish don't play. The fish sank into the dark depths. The frogs huddled together and buried themselves in the thick mud. Some green-eyed pike quickly leave, raising mud with their tails. Long thin algae move like lazy sleepy snakes...
The earth will soon be covered with snow - a white winter will come. And the water will be covered with ice. And under the water there will come a long night - a black winter. Both on land and under water, everyone will eagerly await the arrival of green spring.
CANCER HERMIT
Crayfish climbed the mountain and learned to whistle. It only turned out to be a BREAK! Cancer fell from the mountain. (I. Zhukov) In a hermit crab, only the front part of the body is covered with a hard shell, and the abdomen is soft and defenseless. To protect themselves from sea predators, these animals hide in empty sea snail shells, like hermits in caves. The soft abdomen can curl into the curls of the shell, and the abdominal legs quickly pull the body inward. When moving, crayfish carry the shell with them all the time. When they are in danger, hermit crabs climb entirely into the shell, closing the entrance with a large claw.
When a hermit crab grows up, the old shell becomes too small for it. He gets out of it and looks for a larger sink. At this time, he needs to be especially careful so as not to get eaten by predatory fish. To enhance protection, the hermit crab often places a sea anemone on its shell. This beautiful ocean dweller, like a bright flower, has very burning tentacles. If you touch them, you can get seriously burned. A hermit crab, having encountered an anemone it likes at the bottom, uses its claw to “pluck” it from the stone and transplants it onto its shell. Anemone is not at all against such a neighborhood - after all, she always gets crumbs from the hermit crab’s dinner table. When a cancer exchanges an old shell for another, it also transplants its burning neighbor to a new home. Very often, hermit crabs engage in real battles with their relatives for the possession of a shell or a beautiful sea anemone. The defeated cancer lies on its side or back, and the winner does not touch it anymore. RIDDLES People live under water and walk backwards. (Crayfish) Not a blacksmith, But with pincers. (Cancer hermit)
- To the begining
- Back
- 1
- Forward
- In the end
