The role of corners in children's development
Let's start with the fact that the design of corners in kindergarten is of great importance, especially for children. The child spends most of his time here. And everything fundamental in character, behavior and habits is laid down from a very early age. That is why preschool childhood is an important period in the life of every child. At this stage, he gains experience in social relations, gets to know society, learns to communicate with people, becomes familiar with acceptable forms of behavior and learns to follow them.
For proper and harmonious development, it is important for a child to communicate with peers. This is one of the main reasons why children are sent to kindergarten. Factors such as parents’ employment, the need for adaptation and training, and much more also play an important role.
Children spend a lot of time in kindergarten and their activities there are very diverse: from outdoor games to quiet activities with a teacher. That is why properly organized play areas in kindergarten are of great importance for the development of preschoolers.
The atmosphere in the kindergarten should be such that the child wants to come there. This is especially true for the younger group, because the children have just begun to get used to a new life and a new team, and for the first time they began to be separated from mom and dad for a long time. Everything should help ensure that the process of adaptation to kindergarten is painless. The design of the kindergarten is also of great importance.
The design of a group in kindergarten should not be bright and flashy. Let the light background prevail. Depicting an excessive number of cartoon and fairy-tale characters on the walls is not always justified, especially if these images are large in size. The kid should not be afraid of the huge turtle from the cartoon, which he still does not know at all. It needs to be something educational. For example, the theme of the seasons, because children in the younger group are still very young and are just beginning to learn what snow, rain, and leaves on trees are. The size of the images should not exceed the norm, because the age characteristics of children do not yet allow them to focus their gaze well enough to distinguish large objects.
The knowledge and skills acquired by a child in kindergarten are the basis for his successful education in primary school. Here, teachers unobtrusively, often in a playful way, help the child get acquainted with some school knowledge: numbers, letters, and attend nature and creativity lessons. Classes are held in the form of marathons, competitions, lessons, and holidays. It should also be noted that the child independently studies the information available to him. How can group corners designed by the teacher in kindergarten help?
When thinking about the design of a group in a kindergarten, it would be advisable to divide it into zones. The usual zoning of a group in a kindergarten is: bedroom, dining room, play area and activity area, but additional options can be provided.
There should, of course, be no distracting images where children sleep, as well as in the dining room. But we should talk about developmental zones in kindergarten in more detail.
Zoning in kindergarten
Perhaps, when planning play areas in a preschool educational institution according to the Federal State Educational Standard, one should, first of all, take into account the age of the children and their number. It is also worth finding out the opinion of parents: by asking what they want to see in the group, this will not only show your interest, attention and respect, but also, most likely, you will find proactive helpers.
For convenience, transfer all original ideas for designing a group in a kindergarten to a drawing plan, be sure to indicate on it the names of the corners and their locations.
Depending on the vastness of the space, zoning in a kindergarten group can be quite rich. Below are the most popular zones in the kindergarten group according to the Federal State Educational Standard. Select and organize those that will correspond to your current goals and objectives for the development and upbringing of children.
Zoning in the preparatory group of kindergarten
Outdoor games area
Physical education plays a vital role in the development of children, and it is also important to remember this when planning the design of a kindergarten. Of course, modern kindergartens have gyms and swimming pools, but it is still worthwhile to provide a mini-health corner in the group. This area should be spacious enough. Children should be able to run and jump. A gymnastic wall and various sports equipment would be appropriate here: hoops, balls, skittles, jump ropes. However, we must not forget that the equipment must be appropriate for the age of the children.
Role-playing games area
The design of play areas in a kindergarten provides wide scope for creativity for their organizer. There should, of course, be a lot of toys here. But among their number, children must be able to navigate. Therefore, it is necessary to make themed corners. Separately, you can organize a hairdresser with a chair, dolls and toy tools; hospital, where there will be white coats and medical supplies. You can also create a kitchen corner for girls in kindergarten. To organize it, a toy stove, dishes, food, an apron and a chef's hat, as well as dolls in aprons, are suitable.
Girls, with their favorite games of mother-daughter, tea party or shopping, will feel cozy in a special playhouse. Be sure to post it if possible.
There is also a place for boys in the playhouse; they will be the ones who will come to visit and learn the basics of etiquette. Their play area can be placed nearby and its design can be approached in an equally original way, for example, by making an impromptu garage, where there will be cars of different sizes and purposes: trucks, cars, dump trucks, buses, ambulances, police and fire departments. A railway could also be built here. You can also make a small repair shop corner with toy hammers, nuts, screws and other supplies.
Correctly designing areas in a kindergarten is an excellent opportunity for a teacher to unobtrusively show children the basics of adult life: what and how to cook with, how to properly receive guests, take care of younger children, and much more.
Study area in kindergarten
In the learning corner there must be a table at which several children can be seated at the same time. There they can draw, make crafts, learn to read, count and play relaxing board games.
The filling and design of the learning area in kindergarten should take into account the age of the children. Place here cubes, mosaics, various kinds of construction sets that do not contain small parts, educational and educational board games - here kids can practice, developing fine motor skills and expanding their knowledge about the world around them. Don't forget to allocate space for the simplest geometric shapes, shapes of different colors.
The safety corner can be placed separately or, if group space does not allow, it can be made part of the study area. Post here information about traffic rules, fire safety, and standards of behavior indoors and outdoors.
Social Development Zone
The previous zone can be separated by a bookcase or bookcases, combining with a social development corner and a book corner. It is advisable to locate this area away from the place of noisy games, because, being distracted, the child will not be able to concentrate on communicating with the book. The corner should be well lit and have a place where the baby can sit and leaf through a book.
Through a book, a child learns a whole range of human feelings, thoughts, and relationships between characters. By identifying himself with a hero, a child takes on a certain model of behavior, which he tries to follow throughout his life. It is necessary to provide a corner with various books appropriate to the age category of children. There should be fairy tales, instructive stories, books about nature, as well as educational books. The corner should be regularly replenished with new interesting and colorful specimens, thereby maintaining children’s interest in it.
In the social development zone there is a place not only for books, but also for a small family history of each child. Try inviting parents and children to choose photos for small family albums that they can proudly show to friends when talking about family, important events or travel.
Corner of nature
There is no doubt that designing a corner of nature in a kindergarten is an excellent basis for introducing a child to natural phenomena.
In the younger group, as a rule, the corner of nature is limited to indoor plants, but for children in the older group it will be much more interesting to study the calendar, the change of seasons, natural phenomena, parts of plants and trees.
The theme of the corner of nature deserves special attention. It is much more interesting when the exhibition changes, for example, once a quarter, then such a corner of the group will attract much more attention from the child. As winter approaches, it is useful to fill it with information on caring for birds at this time, for example, display photographs of wintering birds, perhaps build a feeder with children in labor lessons.
Creating a greenhouse is also of no small importance. Using the example of different types of plants, the child will understand that plants are different, that not all have a stem, but they all have roots, and the leaves can be of different shapes. You can add butterflies or dragonflies to your greenhouse, which children can make on their own. And if the pots with plants are labeled, it will be doubly educational. In the summer, a corner of nature can be supplemented with living garden or field plants or flowers, and in the fall with the fruits that nature gave.
The living inhabitants of the natural corner in the kindergarten will deserve special interest among the children. There could be a cage with a hamster or an aquarium with fish, and kids can be taught the basics of caring for animals. Before getting a pet, you must obtain the consent of all parents, be sure to ask adults if their children have allergies, and do not forget about a certificate from a veterinarian.
Preschool institutions, as a rule, do not effectively use the area in front of the kindergarten. Quite rarely, children are involved in landscaping the site, where corners such as vegetable gardens, flower beds, and corners of the garden have been created, which can be used to develop the basics of environmental consciousness in the child.
Music Development Zone
A music corner in kindergarten will help to reveal creative talents and increase the overall level of education. If it is not possible to place children's musical instruments there, limit yourself to pictures and a player.
Patriotic education zone
And in cultivating a love of work and patriotism, a local history corner will be a faithful assistant, in which there will be a place for objects of applied art and folk crafts that are popular in your area. Also, be sure to place symbols and portraits of the heads of state and your region here. This area will be especially decorated with dolls in national costumes, even if they are cut out of paper.
Creative Development Zone
The real decoration and pride of the kindergarten group is the children's creativity corner. The children’s works are not only aesthetic in nature, but also stimulate the child to achieve further success and serve as a clear example of the interaction between the teacher and the child.
Creative corners in the group, as a rule, are limited to an exhibition of children's works and crafts. But this is not the only function they can perform. For example, you can organize educational corners in preschool educational institutions dedicated to the work of various people, for example, famous artists or composers.
It is not necessary to use a small space for a creativity corner. For example, when preparing for the New Year, you can cut out and decorate the entire group with snowflakes: thus, you will get a “children’s creativity room.” And if you decorate the Christmas tree with homemade toys, you will get a “Christmas tree of children’s creativity.”
Children love to do things with their own hands; they always try and are happy with the result, if it also turns out to be satisfactory. And if there is an opportunity to decorate and display works in a different way, then you should not limit yourself to just a corner of creativity.
When forming zones in a preschool educational institution according to the Federal State Educational Standard, remember that the main requirement for the environment and design of a group in a kindergarten is safety. Avoid sharp corners, slippery floors, and ensure that wall shelves or decorative items are securely attached.
Approach space planning and design of activity areas in kindergarten creatively and with love, and you will definitely have a cozy group where both children and their parents will be happy to come every day!
Developmental subject-spatial environment in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard in the senior group
Zoya Alexandrovna Androsova
Developmental subject-spatial environment in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard in the senior group
KOU "Surgut school - kindergarten"
Developing subject-spatial environment
in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standards of preschool education
in the senior group "Bell"
Prepared by: teacher
first qualification category
Androsova Z. A.
Surgut 2017
The developing subject-spatial environment in my age group performs educational, developmental , nurturing, stimulating, organizational, communicative functions and works to develop the child’s independence and initiative.
When creating a developing subject-spatial environment, I was guided by the following principles defined in the Federal State Educational Standard for Preschool Education :
Saturation of the environment - in my group there are teaching and educational means, gaming, sports, health-improving equipment and inventory that provide playful, cognitive, research and creative activity for all pupils, experimentation with materials available to children (including sand and water)
;
motor activity, including the development of gross and fine motor skills, participation in outdoor games and competitions; emotional well-being of children in interaction with the subject-spatial environment ;
opportunity for children to express themselves. Transformability - in the group it is possible to change the subject-spatial environment depending on the educational situation and the lexical topic of the silent week, including the changing interests and capabilities of children.
Multifunctionality of materials is the diverse use of various components of the object environment : children's furniture, screens; the group contains multifunctional objects , including natural materials, suitable for use in various types of children's activities (including as substitute objects in children's play ).
Variability – the presence of different spaces, as well as a variety of materials, games, toys and equipment, ensuring children’s free choice; periodic change of game material, the appearance of new items .
Accessibility - provides access for pupils to all premises of the group , to games, toys, materials, aids that provide all basic types of children's activities.
When creating a developmental environment in a group , first of all, I pay attention to creating conditions that ensure the safety and psychological comfort of each child in the group . The furniture in the group is placed along the walls, this frees up the center as much as possible for children to play and develop their physical activity.
When creating a subject-based development environment, I take into account gender specifics. The environment is provided with both general and specific material for girls and boys.
The subject-development environment in the senior group is built in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard for Preschool Education, which covers all five educational areas:
1) social - communicative
2) educational
3) speech
4) artistic - aesthetic
5) physical
In the book corner they can get acquainted with books and look at illustrations. In the corner you can choose and read your favorite fairy tale, as well as look through an educational encyclopedia. Children enjoy looking at the colorful illustrations and retelling their favorite fairy tales. The books in the corner are constantly updated, replenished and correspond to the lexical topics of the week. During the educational process, I use the corner to meet poets and writers, read fairy tales, learn poetry, and write short stories.
In the speech therapy corner there are games for the development of the sound culture of speech, the grammatical structure of speech, the formation of a dictionary, and preschooler’s albums “correct sounds”
, home exercise books for strengthening the pronunciation of sounds -l-, -r-, whistling sounds -s-, -sh-, games
“short stories”
, articulatory gymnastics, aids for
the development of speech breathing : “Soap Bubbles”
,
“Twirler”
,
“ Sultans"
; mirrors for each child for articulation gymnastics.
Creativity corner. Children have various materials at their disposal to realize their creative ideas: colored pencils and markers, wax crayons, simple pencils, plasticine, modeling boards, colored, white paper and cardboard, watercolors, brushes, sippy cups, glue, scissors, stacks , a large selection of stencils, various patterns for drawing animals, plants, household appliances, patterns for paper crafts, a large selection of coloring books, magnetic drawing boards. The center has free access; at any free time, children can sculpt, draw, cut, and make paper crafts.
The corner of board-printed and educational games contains various mosaics, including magnetic mosaics, a wide selection of puzzles, games for , etc. d. Each of the children can find a game for themselves and go to the table or on the carpet and have fun. The corner is constantly updated with new games. All games are age appropriate , freely available and safe for children.
A construction corner containing various building materials (constructors of various types, Legos, wooden ones, here boys realize their ideas. There is also a construction set for girls. All the material is placed in plastic containers and baskets, which makes the corner mobile. The construction set can be moved to any place groups and engage in construction as a subgroup or individually .
Corner of role-playing games “Supermarket”
,
“Beauty Salon”
,
“Family”
,
“Hospital”
,
“School”,
etc. although they are in one place, you can play these games anywhere in
the group , since the attributes are placed in baskets, and children's furniture is easy transferred.
Not only girls, but also boys love to play in this corner. Game attributes are constantly being updated. The musical and theatrical corner helps to unite the whole group and unite them with an interesting idea. Children are great artists, so they take part in productions with great pleasure and act as spectators. The corner contains various musical instruments, various masks, puppet, table, flannel, shadow and finger theaters. Since this corner stands in one place, it has a portable screen that can be placed anywhere in the group and played around .
The sports corner is very popular among children, as it fulfills their need for physical activity throughout the day. In the corner, children can play various sports games. There are hoops, jump ropes, large and small balls, ring throws, skittles, baskets for relay games, massage mats, and the corner is also equipped with various card indexes: outdoor games, sedentary games, physical education minutes, etc., illustrations with winter and summer sports. All this helps to preserve and strengthen the health of children and introduce them to a healthy lifestyle.
In the corner of nature there is a nature calendar, didactic games, a card index of animals, plants, natural phenomena, a series of paintings “Seasons”
,
“Fauna and Plants”
, collections of natural materials, dummies of vegetables and fruits, insects.
There is a sandbox with kinetic, i.e., living sand, it is safe for children and is also used in the experimentation corner. Sand is also used to relieve stress in children and to develop fine motor skills . Here children get acquainted with the world around them: with various natural phenomena, the flora and fauna of our planet, and learn to observe and care for plants.
In the experimentation corner there are different stones,
minerals, seeds, cereals, etc.; there is material for carrying out experimental activities: magnifying glasses, beakers, flasks, measuring cups, watering cans, hourglasses, etc. In the process of experimental activities on growing plants, observation diaries are kept in which
The teacher records the conclusions made by the children based on the results of daily observation.
There is a card file for conducting experiments at older ages , various materials for conducting experiments and experiments.
Our little “whys”
They love to turn into inquisitive scientists and conduct simple experiments and
determine the properties of various natural materials.
A corner of patriotic education, in which children get acquainted with the symbols of the state, Ugra and their hometown. It contains manuals reflecting the multinationality of our Motherland, illustrative material on familiarizing children with the climatic zones of Russia, and on decorative and applied arts. The corner of the native land includes fiction on local history, the album “My City”
,
"My family"
.
Safety corner "Green Light"
, it contains the necessary attributes for role-playing games, a variety of material on the rules of safe behavior on the roads during a fire: plot illustrations, games, folders, a card index on life safety, there are games made by yourself. With the help of parents, models of traffic regulations and a model of a fire shield were made.
In the mathematical corner of the development game for the development of logic , thinking, attention, counting visuals and handouts. Mathematical lotto, puzzles, number houses, counting sticks, puzzles, number aids, games for children's sensory development .
Duty corner
Work is of great importance in the development Work assignments and duties become an integral part of the educational process in the senior group . For dining duty, the group has a duty center, where children themselves can see who is on duty. This center has a duty chart, special aprons and caps for duty, and a set of accessories for duty officers.
Mood Corner
In my group “Bell” I try to create conditions for various types of children’s activities that ensure their comprehensive harmonious development and create comfortable conditions for children to stay in kindergarten.
The state of the developing subject-spatial environment in my group meets the hygienic , pedagogical and aesthetic requirements.
The developmental environment cannot be built completely. Therefore, the search for innovative approaches to organizing a subject-development environment continues .
