Goals of didactic games according to the Federal State Educational Standard
A didactic game is an effective element of the system of comprehensive personal development of a minor. Game material is an important part in the implementation of the tasks of the Federal State Educational Standard, as it contains cognitive and educational components.
Didactic games are applicable for the physical, intellectual, social development of the child, moral, aesthetic and labor education. Their goals:
- broadening your horizons, gaining knowledge about the world around you;
- acquiring communication skills, productive interaction, finding mutual understanding;
- formation of social adequacy, the ability to behave correctly in different situations;
- development of imagination and creative skills;
- expansion of individual vocabulary;
- development of speech skills, consolidation of grammatical and lexical norms of communication;
- improvement of articulation, general physical training;
- development of logical thinking, ability to analyze;
- obtaining basic mathematical, philological, natural science knowledge;
- development of concentration, reaction speed, visual and auditory perception.
MAGAZINE Preschooler.RF
Project "Smart Games"(short)
Type: practice-oriented, middle group
Problem:
- External interest of children and parents in didactic board games.
Justification of the problem:
- The inability and unwillingness of children in the middle group to play board games and follow the rules and course of educational games.
- Insufficient knowledge of parents about the structure of didactic games and ways of presenting them to their children.
Target:
- To develop children and parents' interest and ability to play educational board games.
Tasks:
- Teach children to play didactic board games, following the rules and progress of the game, developing their interest and active participation.
- To acquaint parents with the structure of the didactic game, its educational objectives, and ways of presenting it to children.
Project implementation:
At the beginning and at the end of the project, teachers conducted a diagnostic observation “The use of didactic board games by children in independent activities .
Solving problems with children:
- Active use of educational board games in joint activities.
- Introduction of didactic games and solving educational problems using various forms of implementation of game action.
- Problem situations to reinforce the rules of the game.
- Encouragement (for independently organizing a game, involving children in a game, following the rules, the ability to monitor the implementation of the rules by friends) is a way of activating interest in games.
Solving problems with parents:
- Organizing, with the help of parents, an exhibition of home educational games “Child's Home Games” .
- An exhibition of group board and educational games, taking into account age, educational objectives and design.
- Organizing a photo exhibition for parents “By playing we learn, by playing we learn!” , where you can see what educational board games children play in the group.
- Visual information “Didactic game as a means of mental development of a child!” .
- Consultation – workshop “How to teach a child to play a didactic game and its role in the development of children!” with homework for parents" (The purpose of the task: to interest and play together with the child an educational game - the puzzle "Color
by numbers").
- Organization of an exhibition of children's works (Educational game on a landscape sheet “Color by numbers” ), completed in joint activities with parents at home
“We play with mom and dad - we gain interest and knowledge!”.
- Agreement with parents on the production of educational games for the group.
Result:
- At the end of the project, children began to use board games more often for games and play them with great interest and success.
- Parents were introduced to the structure of the didactic game, its educational objectives, and ways of presenting it to children. Parents were interested in the topic and received new and useful information, successfully tested on their children, which is clear from the parent survey and entries in the feedback notebook.
- The result of the consultation-workshop is the creation by parents of new “Smart” games for the group, the active use of educational games at home with children.
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Didactic games in the middle group according to the Federal State Educational Standard
In the middle group, it is important to socialize preschoolers with the help of games and expand their understanding of the world around them. It is necessary to pay attention to the physical and emotional improvement of the individual, the development of observation, the ability to concentrate, to react correctly and quickly to events and other people.
Good wizards
For the game, prepare a “magic” wand, decorate it with paints or sparkles. Pupils sit in a circle. Tell them that the wand turns everyone who takes it into a kind and friendly person.
During the game, children take turns taking a stick, calling a friend sitting next to them a pleasant and affectionate adjective, then passing the “baton” to him. The game ends when all participants receive positive epithets.
Broken phone
This game, which develops auditory attention, has been played by many generations of children.
Children sit down or stand in a row. The first player whispers a certain word in the ear of the second. The second whispers to the third, and so on. The last player in the row says the word he hears out loud. If it matches what the first participant said, it means the stage was a success and the game continues. If the word turns out to be incorrect, all players, starting with the second to last one, say out loud what they heard from the previous participant. In this way, it is possible to find out who the “damaged phone” is, who heard the word incorrectly. The guilty one becomes the last in the row.
What do the animals say?
For an educational game you need a ball. Line up the students in a row and stand opposite them. Throw the ball to each player in turn, naming any animal. The task of the person who catches the ball is to pronounce the sounds made by this animal. The game ends when the last player in the row names the sound correctly.
The game can be built the other way around: pronounce sounds, and let the children remember which animal makes them.
What does the cloud look like?
If the weather permits, take the children for a walk. Let each child choose one of the clouds in the sky. On a cloudy day, use color printed images of different clouds: cumulus, stratus, cirrus. Give each child a picture. The pupils’ task is to carefully examine their cloud, tell what it looks like, like some animal or object.
What does it sound like?
For preschoolers of the middle group, it is imperative to organize musical and didactic games in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard.
For the game, prepare musical instruments familiar to preschoolers, objects that can make sounds, and an opaque canvas. Lay out the collected material on the table, cover it with a cloth so that children cannot see it. Make sounds with instruments and objects and the players have to guess what it sounds like. The winner is the one who gives the most correct answers.
Animals march
The game develops a sense of rhythm and auditory perception. To conduct it, you need to find a recording of any march.
To the sound of it, the children move in a circle. Give them commands to move like a certain animal. For example:
- say “hare” - children press their hands to their chests and jump;
- “crane” – they walk with their legs raised high;
- “horse” - they hit the floor with their foot, like a hoof;
- “eagle” - they run, waving their arms widely;
- “cancer” - backing away.
Guess the emotion
Stand in front of the children. Depict different emotions through facial expressions: joy, sadness, surprise, fear, resentment. Students must guess what mood is on your face.
What's missing?
The game develops observation and concentration. To carry it out, prepare different paintings: landscapes, portraits, still lifes.
Children should look carefully at the picture, then close their eyes. Cover any part of the picture with a piece of tape. Children, having opened their eyes, must remember which detail is hidden.
Carefree butterflies and moths
Players are divided into “butterflies” – daytime insects, and “moths” – nocturnal ones. One child becomes a “bird”. One part of the gaming room is the place where “butterflies” fly, the other part is where “moths” fly. One of the corners is a “nest”.
The “bird” gets into the “nest”. The remaining players stand in their part of the playing hall. When the presenter says “day”, the “butterflies” begin to run and dance. When the presenter says the word “night,” the “butterflies” should freeze and the “moths” begin to move. If one of the players moves at the wrong time, the “bird” attacks him and takes him into the “nest”. The “insects” win, which the “bird” could not take.
Two-Bit
Pupils sit in a row on chairs. The presenter comes forward, begins to make faces, and tells something funny. His goal is to make his comrades laugh. And the players’ task is not to laugh, to keep a serious face. The one who cannot stand it changes with the leading roles.
"Intellectual games" (middle group)
Kazan shәһәre Maskәү district “395nche katnash tordәge balalar bakchasy”
Municipal Autonomiyale mәktәpkәchә belem institutions
urtanchylar torkeme өchen
intellectual uennar
card index
Kazan, 2016 ate
Game "Camera".
Target
: develop associative thinking, voluntary attention, memory, speech.
Game material and visual aids
: lotto cards or any other pictures.
Description
: Show the child the card for 5 seconds. Then remove it and ask them to remember what was depicted on it. If the child finds it difficult to answer, ask him a leading question: how much, what color, etc.
Game "Find the differences".
Target:
develop the ability to compare memorized objects, find similarities and differences in them.
Game material and visual aids:
story cards.
Description:
Show the child the card for 2-3 minutes. Then offer him a second card, on which some objects or actions are missing or replaced with others. The child must determine what has changed.
Game "Magpie-white-sided".
Target:
develop concentration and memory.
Game material and visual aids
: 5-6 small items (toys).
Description:
arrange objects (toys) on the table. Invite the child to look carefully at the table, remember what objects are on it, and then ask the child to turn away. Remove or replace one or more items. The child must determine what the magpie stole and what it replaced.
Game "Sleuths".
Target
: develop associative thinking, memory.
Description:
it is necessary to choose one child who will play the role of a “robber”, the rest - “detectives”. Tell some story with the children, from which it follows that the “robber” must now hide from the “detectives” and for this he needs to disguise himself. During the story, the “detectives” carefully examine the “robber,” who then goes off to disguise himself, and upon returning to the room they must find changes in his appearance.
Game "Describe the object."
Target
: teach to remember the signs and properties of an object.
Game material and visual aids
: objects familiar to the child (person, car, food, etc.).
Description:
Children, under the guidance of a teacher, choose a familiar object. The teacher suggests remembering as many distinctive features and properties of this object as possible and naming one feature at a time. The loser is the one who cannot remember anything about the item when it is his turn.
Game “Repeat the ornament”.
Target
: promote the development of concentration and memory.
Game material and visual aids
: beads, buttons, counting sticks (12 pieces each).
Description:
The teacher gives the child half of the playing material, takes the remaining half for himself, lays out an arbitrary composition of beads, then shows it to the child for 1-2 seconds. He must arrange exactly the same composition from his beads from memory. Then you can switch roles. To create the following compositions, you can add counting sticks and buttons to the beads.
Game “Remember - Draw”.
Goals:
teach conscious perception; develop concentration of attention on a memorized object.
Game material and visual aids
: a piece of paper, pencils, cardboard with images of objects.
Description
: stick six pictures on cardboard in two rows: three on top, three on bottom. The pictures should show the simplest objects: an apple, a scarf, a flag, a button, a needle, a Christmas tree, a birch leaf. Show your child the top row for one minute. The child must sketch what he saw and remembered. Then show the same bottom row of pictures and again ask the child to sketch everything that he remembers. Open all the pictures at the same time and compare how well the child’s drawings match the image.
Game “What is she like?”
Target:
promote the development of visual and auditory memory.
Description:
name an object and invite the child to imagine what this object looks like, what shape, color it is, what sounds it can make, etc. Then ask him to describe everything that he imagined. For example: an egg is oval, white or brown, with spots, raw or boiled, white and yellow inside. Then you can not only talk about the characteristics of the object, but also sketch it.
Game "Illogical Associations".
Target
: develop associative thinking.
Game material and visual aids:
cards with a picture of an object.
Description:
It is necessary to tell the child several words related to each other. For example: plate, soap, flower, street. It is better if the child has cards with images of these objects in front of him. Try with your child to find associations that would connect these words. Find a suitable picture for each association. Give space to the child’s imagination, do not limit them to logical associations. The result should be a short story.
Games for developing attention in middle preschool children
Game "Who Lives Where".
Target:
develop visual attention and memory.
Game material and visual aids:
drawings with images of families of different animals and their houses, with drawn lines connecting the animals with their houses, which are given in a chaotic order.
Description:
you need to determine where whose house is without drawing a pencil along the lines.
Game "Clap Your Hands".
Goals
: develop stability and switching of attention, cognitive activity of the child; expand your horizons.
Description:
The teacher calls the child different words; if he hears a word that means, for example, an animal, he must clap his hands. Another time, suggest that the child stand up every time he hears a word for a plant. Then combine the first and second task, that is, the child claps his hands when he hears words denoting animals, and stands up when pronouncing words denoting plants. It's good to play these games with several children.
Game "Cross out all the letters K."
Target:
develop stability, distribution and switching of attention.
Game material and visual aids:
small text (from a newspaper or magazine), pen.
Description:
Invite the child to carefully look at the letters in the text and cross out all the letters “k”. Record the time and number of errors. The task can be made more difficult by asking the child to cross out all the letters “w” and underline all the letters “u”.
Game "Change appearance".
Target:
develop observation skills.
Description
: several people play, everyone stands in one line, the leader names one child and invites him to remember the appearance of each participant in the game. This will take 1-2 minutes. Then the child turns away, the remaining participants in the game make minor changes to their costumes or hairstyles. Turning to the players, the driver must name the changes that he was able to notice.
Game "True or False".
Target:
develop attention and memory.
Description
: the teacher pronounces different phrases - true and false. If the phrase is correct, the children clap, if not, then they stomp. For example:
In winter, daisies always bloom. (Children stomp.)
Ice is frozen water. (Children clap.)
Hares have red fur. (Children stomp.)
There is no need to wash your hands before eating. (Children stomp.)
It always snows in winter. (Children clap and stomp.)
Game "Little Beetle".
Target:
develop attention and spatial thinking.
Game material and visual aids
: playing field, lined with 16 cells; buttons.
Description
: the teacher invites the child to help the “beetle” (button) get to the other end of the field, while warning that the “beetle” crawls only in zigzags. The teacher marks a short segment of the “bug’s” path: “One cell forward, two to the right, one to the left.” The child must listen carefully, remember and follow this path with a “bug” across the playing field. When the child learns to remember all the moves of the beetle, you can move on to a more complex task by asking the child to make the moves mentally and place the beetle on the desired square.
Game “Follow the pattern”.
Target:
develop concentration.
Game material and visual aids:
checkered sheet with a pattern of squares, circles, triangles.
Description
: The child continues the sample pattern (circle, square, triangle, dot, etc.) on the sheet.
Games for the development of thinking in preschool children 4-5 years old
Game "Yes-no-ka".
Goals
: learn to ask questions, find criteria for classifying objects in the surrounding world; develop listening skills and being attentive.
Description
: the teacher thinks of a word or tells a story, and the children must guess the word or explain the situation by asking the same questions, to which one of the answers can be given: “yes” or “no.”
Game "Visual yes-no-ki".
Goals:
teach to analyze; develop thinking.
Game material and visual aids
: cards with images of objects (animals) or small toys.
Description:
lay out toys or pictures (no more than 10) on the table, give the child a little time to look at them. Then ask: “What object did I wish for?” The child, using leading questions (Is it on the right half of the table? Below? Is it yellow? Is it heavy? Is it round?) identifies the hidden object (picture). To begin with, it is better for the teacher to act as the questioner. This way the child will understand the game script faster.
Game "Treasure Chest".
Target
: develop imagination, analysis skills.
Game material and visual aids:
box (bag); any edible (inedible) thing that fits in a box (bag).
Description:
Invite your child to guess what's inside using ten questions.
Game "Who was who?"
Target:
develop attention and imagination.
Description:
the child must name the state that preceded what the teacher calls him.
For example:
- Who was the old man? (As a boy.)
-What was the tree? (Rostkom.)
-What was Pinocchio? (With logs.)
Game "Outside - Inside".
Target:
learn to relate the concepts of “big” - “small”, “inside” - “outside”.
Description:
name a couple of objects to the child and ask him to say what can be inside and what can be outside. For example: house - pillow, cutlet - pan, heart - cat, fish - river, sugar - tea, etc. Then switch roles - let the child name a couple of words.
Game "I - you".
Target
: develop logical thinking, speed of reaction.
Description:
the child must quickly understand what the opponent is talking about and answer him in the same way. For example, the teacher says: “I am a rainbow!” The child must answer: “I am the sun!” The teacher continues: “I am the sky.” The child answers: “I am an airplane.” Etc. (The game is suitable for individual lessons with a child and for playing in a small children's group.)
Game "Third Man".
Target:
learn to classify objects according to the criteria specified in the conditions.
Description
: the teacher names three words, for example: “dog”, “cat”, “fish”. The child must determine: all three words refer to the designations of wildlife, but “dog” and “cat” designate animals, but “fish” does not. This means that the word fish is “superfluous”. Examples of words: birch, pine, rose; soap, shampoo, toothbrush; milk, kefir, tea.
Game "Guess by description."
Goals:
develop speech (ability to coordinate adjectives and nouns); consolidate knowledge about concepts that unite certain objects or creatures.
Description
: Prepare riddle sentences in advance that children must answer.
For example:
• A beautiful insect with colorful wings, loves to fly, feeds on nectar. (Butterfly.)
• The transport is long, consists of several parts, runs on iron rails. (Train.)
• Wild animal, lives in the forest, howls at the moon. (Wolf.)
• A wild animal with red fur always deceives in fairy tales. (Fox.)
• Fruit with yellow skin. (Lemon.)
The game “What comes first, what comes next.”
Target:
learn to arrange pictures in order of plot development.
Game material and visual aids
: sets of pictures (for example, from N. Radlov’s book “Stories in Pictures”).
Description
: the teacher takes out the pictures and shows them to the children, then says that if you put them in order, you will get an interesting story, but in order to put them correctly, you need to guess what happened first, what happened next and how it all ended. After laying out the pictures, the teacher asks the children to peel back the cards glued to them on top. If the pictures are positioned correctly, then on top of the cards you can see a correctly diverging arrow. If the arrow turns out to be incorrect, it means that the pictures are located incorrectly, you need to correct the work. After completing the task, you can invite the children to retell the story they received.
Games for speech development in preschool children 4-5 years old
Game "What is he like?"
Target
: learn to actively describe the characteristics of objects.
Description
: invite the child to bring everything square that he finds in the room. For example: a book, a box, a cube, etc. Ask him to describe all objects that are united by one characteristic - square. Let your child find and explain the similarities and differences of objects, as well as their purpose.
Game "What do you hear?"
Target:
develop hearing, the ability to recognize speech and non-speech sounds.
Game material and visual aids
: musical instruments (pipes, drum, rattles, tambourine), foil, paper, book.
Description
: the teacher sits the child on a chair with his back to himself: he should not see, only hear, and then determine what was played or what was used to produce the sound. It is advisable to start with something simple - with musical instruments, and then move on to something else: paper, foil, turning pages in a book. You can make the task more difficult by moving around the room and making a sound to the right or left of the child. Then switch roles. When answering, you can deliberately make a mistake and see if the child corrects the mistake. Ask him to repeat the sound.
The game "Who speaks how."
Target:
train phonetic memory (perceive, pronounce, distinguish sounds).
Description
: invite the child to show how a cow talks, how her baby talks, how their voices differ. The child not only learns to distinguish voices based on several characteristics, but also tries to analyze the difference between sounds.
Game "Pictures-riddles".
Target:
learn to distinguish between the main and the secondary; strengthen the skills of describing objects.
Game material and visual aids:
cards with images of various objects.
Description:
The driver is selected. He takes one of the cards out of the bag and begins to describe what is depicted on it. Players offer their answers. The next driver is the one who answered correctly first.
Game "Steps".
Target:
contribute to the expansion of vocabulary and speech development.
Description:
two teams line up opposite each other. A separate strip should be drawn between them.
The theme of the game is set. You can use the themes given in the previous game, and also name words, syllables, a specific letter or sound. You can take a step by saying the right word. The team that reaches the dividing line first wins.
Game "Prepositions".
Target:
strengthen preposition skills.
Game material and visual aids:
disposable cardboard plate, cube.
Description
: draw the plate into sectors. In each sector, write the prepositions “on”, “in”, “under”, “above”, “with”, “for”, “in front”, “to”, etc. The child throws the cube onto the plate. The sector in which the cube lands becomes playable. With the pretext of the gaming sector, the child must come up with a sentence. Keep it simple at first.
Game "Similar words".
Goals:
help to study synonyms, different meanings of the same word; learn to choose the most accurate words to describe a certain subject, avoid repetition.
Description:
Explain to the child that one and the same thing can be said in different words:
• Our kitten is cheerful. (Funny, funny, amusing, comical.)
• The weather outside today is sad. (Sad, joyless.)
• The hare is cowardly, what else can you call it? (Tearful, timid, fearful.)
• The hare runs away from the fox. How else can you say it? (He runs away, rushes, flees, flies at full speed, takes off his feet.)
Word game.
Target
: Expand words knowledge.
Description:
invite the child to name as many words as possible for toys, vegetables, trees, flowers, wild pets, birds, tools, furniture, professions.
Game "The meaning of the word."
Target
: learn to clearly express a thought, indicating the main type of use of an object, describing its characteristics.
Description
: invite the child to explain how he understands the meaning of the words “bicycle”, “knife”, “hat”, “ball”, “letter”, “umbrella”, “pillow”, “nail”, “donkey”, “fur”, “diamond”, “connect”, “shovel”, “sword”, “trouble”, “brave”, “hero”, “poem”, etc.
Literacy games for children 4-5 years old
Playing with pictures in a book or magazine.
Goals
: consolidate knowledge of the alphabet; teach word formation; develop attention and concentration.
Game material and visual aids
: picture book (children's magazine), pencil.
Description:
Together with the child, choose any letter, say it several times, remember what words he knows for this letter. Then invite the child to find and circle this letter across the entire book page. After this, together with the child, count the number of letters found.
Game "Who Lives Here?"
Goals:
teach children to form words from the given letters; develop reading skill.
Description:
Together with your child, draw a house or a train with trailers, a rocket or a ship, an airplane on thick cardboard. Insert cards with letters into the window. The child must guess what words live in this house. Example:
• A, L, I, S, E, O - fox, forest, donkey.
• K, I, N, O, T, S, L - cat, whale, elephant, movie.
Game "Slogomyach".
Target
: develop the skill of dividing words into syllables, quick thinking.
Game material and visual aids
: ball.
Description:
one player names a syllable, and the other must add an ending to this syllable so that it becomes a word. For example, you can add “rowa” to the syllable “ko” - you get “cow”; you can add “sa” to “li” - you get “fox”. It is important that children follow the rule: divide words into syllables correctly and pronounce them as they are written: “ko-ro-va”, but not “ka-ro-va”.
Game "Book Detective".
Goals
: learn to correlate letters with specific pictures; develop quick thinking.
Game material and visual aids
: books with illustrations.
Description
: think of a letter and give the child a task - find a picture in the book for this letter. If several children are playing, introduce an element of competition: the one who finds the most required pictures wins. You can complicate the game by wishing for some object depicted in the book and warning the child that the intended word, for example, contains two letters “o”. (Cow.)
Game "Sleuths".
Goals:
consolidate knowledge of the alphabet; develop the ability to correlate abstract letters with the letters that make up a word.
Game material and visual aids
: cards with letters.
Description:
Place cards with letters on different objects. The child must find all the cards and check whether they are laid out correctly, that is, whether the letter on the card corresponds to the letter with which the name of this item begins. For example, a card with the letter “k” lies on the sofa - this is wrong, it should hang, for example, on a picture. You can complicate the game by replacing cards with letters with cards with syllables.
Game "Following".
Target
: develop reading skills (introduce the arrangement of words in the text, teach reading with intonation).
Description
: The teacher and the child, sitting at the table, read a book. The teacher reads, and the child lags behind a little, repeating everything that the teacher reads. The child not only hears the text, but also sees it. It doesn’t matter that he doesn’t really read, he sees what words and sentences are made of, what punctuation marks accompany the text. He remembers the spelling of words, can recognize the simplest ones, and learns to respond to punctuation marks. The child ceases to be afraid of long words and sentences and tries to pronounce them correctly.
Game "Illustrator".
Goals:
learn how to handle a book; instill a love for books; develop narrative speech, imagination, logic.
Description
: Read a poem or short story to your child. Then offer to complete the task - match the pictures to the read text from other books. After this, ask him to retell the plot (short plot) of the work, based on the drawings he has selected.
Games for the mathematical development of middle preschool children
Game "Correct Score".
Goals:
help in mastering the order of numbers in the natural series; strengthen forward and backward counting skills.
Game material and visual aids:
ball.
Description:
children stand in a circle. Before starting, they agree in what order (direct or reverse) they will count. Then they throw the ball and call the number. The one who caught the ball continues the count by throwing the ball to the next player.
Game "Who's Where".
Target
: learn to distinguish the position of objects in space (in front, behind, between, in the middle, on the right, on the left, below, above).
Game material and visual aids
: toys.
Description:
place toys in different places in the room. Ask the child which toy is in front, behind, next to, far, etc. Ask what is on top, what is below, on the right, on the left, etc.
Game "A lot and a little."
Target:
help to understand the concepts of “many”, “few”, “one”, “several”, “more”, “less”, “equally”.
Description
: ask the child to name single objects or objects that are many (few). For example: there are many chairs, one table, many books, few animals. Place cards of different colors in front of the child. Let there be 9 green cards and 5 red cards. Ask which cards are more and which are fewer. Add 4 more red cards. What can we say now?
Game "Guess the number."
Goals:
help prepare children for basic mathematical operations of addition and subtraction; help consolidate the skills of determining the previous and subsequent numbers within the first ten.
Description
: ask, for example, which number is greater than three but less than five; what number is less than three but greater than one, etc. Think of, for example, a number within ten and ask the child to guess it. The child names different numbers, and the teacher says whether the number named is greater or less than the intended one. Then you can switch roles with your child.
Game "Counting Mosaic".
Goals:
introduce numbers; learn to match quantities with numbers.
Game material and visual aids:
counting sticks.
Description
: Together with your child, make up numbers or letters using counting sticks. Invite the child to place the corresponding number of counting sticks next to the given number.
Game "Dot Traveler".
Goals
: introduce the basics of writing numbers; develop fine motor skills.
Game material and visual aids
: checkered notebook, pen.
Description:
The teacher sits down at the table, puts the notebook down correctly, and shows the child how to hold a pen correctly. Offers to play dot-traveler. To do this, you need to invite the child to put a dot in the upper right corner of the cell, then in the fourth cell of the left corner at the bottom of the notebook, etc.
Game "Reading and counting".
Goals:
help to understand the concepts of “many”, “little”, “one”, several”, “more”, “less”, “equally”, “as much”, “as much”; develop the ability to compare objects by size.
Game material and visual aids
: counting sticks.
Description:
When reading a book to a child, ask him to put aside as many counting sticks as, for example, there were animals in the fairy tale. After counting how many animals there are in the fairy tale, ask who there were more, who were fewer, and who were the same. Compare toys by size: who is bigger - a bunny or a bear? Who is smaller? Who is the same height?
Games to study the plant world for children 4-5 years old
Game "How do trees live?"
Goals:
develop speech; help in studying the plant world.
Game material and visual aids
: cards with images of trees in different seasons (summer - a green tree, autumn - a tree with yellow leaves, winter - a tree without leaves, spring - a tree with swollen buds).
Description:
find out what time of year it is now. What the trees look like, what kind of leaves they have. Ask your child if he knows what happens to trees in autumn, spring, winter? Look at the pictures. Tell your child that the change of seasons affects the state of plants (in winter all plants fall asleep, in spring they awaken, in autumn they prepare for sleep, etc.).
Game “Where is whose leaf?”
Goals
: develop the ability to classify objects by characteristics, memory, attention; help in studying the plant world.
Game material and visual aids
: cards with images of trees (oak, maple), leaves of these trees, cut out of paper or real.
Description
: Mix the leaves. Tell your child a fairy tale about how an evil wind tore all the leaves from the trees and mixed them up. They feel cold lying on the ground and want to go back to their trees. We need to help the leaves find their mother (father) - the tree. Invite your child to put the leaves near the corresponding tree. In the first lessons, choose leaves of a memorable shape (maple, oak, rowan). As you study trees, increase the number of varieties of leaves and trees. Select leaves of different trees that are similar in shape, carefully examine them, finding differences.
Game "Orchard".
Goals
: develop speech, classification skills; introduce you to the plant world.
Game material and visual aids:
dummies of fruits and vegetables; cards with images of fruit trees.
Description
: Place fruits and vegetables in front of the child. Explain that the doll wanted to make compote, but the fruits were mixed with vegetables, and she couldn’t choose them because she didn’t know how they differed from each other. After the weight differences are identified, invite the child to separate fruits from vegetables. Ask if the child knows where fruits grow. Look at the fruit trees shown in the pictures. Cut an apple or orange and show your child the seeds hidden in them. To summarize: Fruits grow on trees. Trees are called fruit trees. Specially planted, such trees form an orchard. You can talk about what is prepared from fruits and what dishes they are added to.
Game "Indoor Flowers".
Goals:
develop the skill of independence; introduce you to the plant world.
Description
: if there are indoor plants, invite your child to take care of them. Give him a watering can, teach him how to loosen the soil, and wipe the leaves of plants with a damp sponge. Tell us that the plants have come a long way before reaching the windowsill. After all, many of them came to us from distant countries - India, Mexico, Africa, etc. If the child expresses a desire, find these countries on the world map. Continuing the story, explain that the weather conditions of those countries are different from ours, therefore each flower requires special care: sun or shade, a lot or little water, heat or coolness. When offering to water this or that plant, note: “To water this flower, you need to put very little water in the watering can, but this one likes to drink a lot, so please try to get a lot of water.” Explain to the child why the holes are made in the pots, why the soil needs to be loosened, why the dust should be wiped off the leaves, etc.
Didactic games according to Federal State Educational Standards in the senior group
In the senior group, educational and cognitive games, familiarity with nature, surrounding objects, phenomena and properties of objects are required. We must not forget about outdoor activities and general physical development. It is important to continue to acquaint preschoolers with emotions, norms of communication and social interaction, teach them productive teamwork, clear expression of thoughts and constructing a conversation.
A big secret
For a group game, prepare a box, put small objects or cards depicting them in it. Seat children at a distance from each other.
Approach each player in turn and offer to take an item out of the box without looking inside. The pulled out item remains secret; the player must not show it to his comrades. The players’ task is to find out by any verbal means what this secret thing is. Can:
- ask the holder of the item leading questions;
- persuade, beg the player to reveal the secret;
- offer a gift for revealing a secret;
- offer to reveal your secret in return.
It is important to ensure that players do not deceive each other. The game ends when the last player tells his secret. If a player becomes stubborn and refuses to reveal a secret, you need to gently push him to change his behavior, instill in him the importance of being open, friendly, and sociable.
Show me the word
The game task is to depict a given word through facial expressions and body movements. The presenter says, for example, “little bear.” Then he calls one of the players and asks him to imitate what was said. Then he pronounces another word - “loves”, calls the second participant, asks him to depict this verb. The rest of the players say in chorus what their comrades are pretending to say: “The little bear loves...”. Next, the presenter asks you to come up with a third word that will complete the phrase. Players name different options: honey, berries, sleep, play.
Group items
For the game, prepare about 20-25 items and place them on the table. Invite students to divide them into groups according to quality characteristics:
- large;
- small;
- wooden;
- plastic;
- metal;
- edible;
- inedible;
- colored;
- transparent.
Remember the place
Children are seated in different places in the playroom. Each player remembers where he sits. To do this, he can use landmarks: nearby objects, toys, furniture, interior elements.
Turn on the music. The players jump up, run around the hall, and dance. When the music is interrupted, the children must remember where they were sitting and take their place. At the second stage, the game can be complicated: children should not sit in their original place, but move a few steps along the movement of the arrow.
Talking portrait
The game teaches the skill of a coherent story. To carry it out, prepare portraits in which the people depicted express different emotions and are in different settings. Invite the students to take turns telling about themselves on behalf of the depicted character.
To play you need a regular envelope. Children stand in a circle, choose one of the players to be the “postman”, he becomes and gives an envelope, for example, to Misha. He says: “The letter comes from Misha Katya.” Children standing in a circle quickly pass the envelope to each other until it falls into Katya’s hands. The task of the “postman” is to have time to snatch the “letter” before it reaches the “addressee”. When he succeeds, the player from whose hands the envelope was snatched becomes the “postman”.
Contents of the OOD
Organizing time
- Good morning! Please welcome our guests!
- Please come to me!
(Children come to the interactive whiteboard area and stand. The board turns on, the sound of an incoming message is heard. Illustrations depicting Ellie, Toto, Scarecrow appear on the screen...)
- What do you think are the heroes of which book in front of you?
- Who is the author of the book? (Alexander Volkov)
- What's the girl's name? (Ellie)
- Here's an email from Ellie! (A letter appears on the screen. I read it.)
“Boys and girls! I am asking you for help. The evil sorceress Gingema has enchanted the most important word, without which neither adults nor children can live! Witchcraft can be broken on the fifteenth day of the second spring month and only on Wednesday (the day of the lesson). You will break the spell by completing all of Gingema's tasks.
Thank you! Your Ellie.
(Board turns off)
Main part
(Children are standing)
- What time of year is it now?
- What month?
- What number is he?
- What day of the month is it today?
- What day of the week is it today?
- What conclusion can be drawn?! (Today is the day you can break the spell!)
— For each completed task you will receive a card with the letter of the enchanted word.
- Please come in and sit on the cushions! (Children sit on pillows.)
- So, first task!
(I draw the children’s attention to the continent puzzles)
- What do you think this is? (continents)
- How many continents are there on our planet? (6)
- How many puzzles? (Children count the puzzles: there are 7 of them)
- Why are there 7 puzzles? (The Arctic is not a continent)
- Why? (The Arctic is covered with ice, there is no land under the ice)
- Do penguins live in the Arctic? (No, penguins do not live in the Arctic)
— Restore the map by answering questions! (Children answer questions)
- Name the hottest continent! (Africa)
- The coldest? (Antarctica)
- Smallest continent? (Australia)
- The largest continent on our planet? (Eurasia)
- Brother continents? (North and South America)
- Great, you completed the task and get a letter! (R)
(We put the letters in a basket. The basket is on the central table.)
(Showing puzzles)
- What do you think this is? (Rebuses)
- What is a rebus? (Rebus is an encrypted word)
(We guess puzzles (words: table, metro, mole, butterfly, family) and give definitions to the resulting words)
- Well done, here's another letter! (D)
- I suggest you show how dexterous you are! Please get up!
(Children stand in a semicircle next to the pads)
Physical education minute
- Raise your left hand up.
- Hide your right hand behind your head.
- Reach your right ear with your left hand.
- Reach your left knee with your right hand.
- Reach your right shoulder with your left hand.
- It turned out great!
(I take the ball.)
— Next challenge: stand in a circle and count down from 20 to 1 while passing the ball to each other! - Well done!
- But this is not enough!
“Gingema enchanted the numbers and they can’t return home!”
- Will you help them?
- Please come in, sit down at the tables and populate the number houses! (Children sit at tables and work independently)
- And you successfully completed this test! Here's another letter! (AND)
- Look and tell me what these objects are called? (Geometric bodies are laid out on the next table)
— Geometric bodies love to dress up. Please select “clothes” for them according to shape and size! (Children take turns choosing “clothes” for geometric bodies - a plane passport.)
- All the figures are dressed, and you get another letter of the enchanted word! (U)
- Please come in and sit on the chairs! Another test awaits you!
— It’s for fast, dexterous, friendly children!
— Gingema sent us her puzzles!
- I'm sure you can handle them!
Physical education session - relay race "Puzzles"
(There are 4 “Keys” puzzles on four chairs. Children in fours assemble and disassemble them.)
- Another letter is yours! (A)
- You are very friendly, well done! But that's not all the tests!
— Gingema's next task on the interactive board.
(Reproductions of paintings of various genres of painting appear on the interactive board: portrait, landscape, still life)
— Here are reproductions of paintings.
- What genres of painting do they belong to? (Portrait, landscape, still life)
- Choose only landscape painting! (Children go to the board and click on the desired reproduction: it disappears)
- Now you only need to choose still lifes! (Children go to the board and click on the desired reproduction: it disappears)
- What genre of paintings are reproductions left? (Portrait)
- Well done! Real art experts!
(The alphabet appears on the interactive whiteboard.)
- What is this? (letters)
(Individual survey of children)
- Which letter do you like best?
- Name the word that contains the sound indicated by this letter!
And for this test you get the last letter of the enchanted word! (B)
- Well done, the Gingems completed all the tasks, collected all the enchanted letters!
- Look, there are numbers on the back of the letters!
- By putting the letters in order, you will recognize the enchanted word! (Letters are placed in order on the board)
- Read the resulting word! (Children read the word “Friendship”)
Didactic games in the preparatory group according to the Federal State Educational Standard
In the preparatory group, children are preparing for school, so it is important to select educational games that form elementary school knowledge, develop intelligence, logic, memory, speech, and imagination.
Story from pictures
Prepare story pictures for the game and place them in order on the table. Set one card aside and ask your child to look at it carefully. The player’s task is to correctly insert the picture in a row so as not to disrupt the plot, then compose a story based on the resulting composition.
Find the sound
For the game, make cards depicting different objects. Under the images there are line signs, as in “Field of Miracles,” in which the number of squares is equal to the number of sounds in the word.
Encourage children to find specific sounds in words. Players take turns naming the depicted object so that the given sound is clearly heard, then color in this phoneme in the square.
Geometric bridge
To play, cut out large geometric shapes from cardboard, several of the same. Place them on the floor in random order. The player’s task is to go from one corner of the room to the opposite, moving only along given figures, for example, along triangles.
The game can be complicated by including color in the gradation, in addition to shape. For example, you can only move along yellow squares.
Finish the sentence
The leader says the beginning of the phrase, the children take turns continuing:
- light during the day, at night...;
- white snow, grass...;
- a cow moos, a dog...;
- sweet sugar, lemon...;
- In spring the leaves are green, in autumn...;
- a car is moving, a plane...;
- a snake crawls, a bird...;
- lunch during the day, in the evening...;
- they look with their eyes, with their ears...;
- knitted from threads, from fabric...
Superfluous word
Name a series of words, and the child must say which one is superfluous and give reasons for his opinion:
- dress, skirt, coat, sandals, sweater;
- daffodil, nettle, tulip, poppy, rose;
- cow, pig, roe deer, sheep, horse;
- orange, blue, transparent, red, purple;
- wardrobe, stool, sofa, chest of drawers, window;
- bear, hare, wolf, fox, lynx;
- run, rush, think, hurry, hurry;
- sad, gloomy, sorrowful, gloomy, joyful;
- apple, orange, cucumber, pear, peach.
Who will be who?
Name a natural object, and the children must say what it will become in the future. For example:
- lamb is a sheep;
- egg - chicken;
- child - adult;
- caterpillar - butterfly;
- bud - flower;
- foal - horse;
- caviar - fish;
- acorn - oak.
Name it in one word
Say a series of words, and the children should name the concept that unites them:
- tit, duck, nightingale, stork - birds;
- wolf, bear, fox, marten - animals;
- pasta, soup, cutlet, salad - food;
- beets, potatoes, carrots, radishes - root vegetables;
- cucumber, tomato, pepper, eggplant - vegetables;
- sandals, shoes, boots, boots - footwear;
- birch, poplar, spruce, aspen - trees.
