Article “Modern technologies as a means of speech development of preschool children”
Modern technologies as a means of speech development for preschool children
G.P. Rubtsova
The article describes modern technologies for the speech development of preschool children, TRIZ technologies, mnemonics, syncwine, ICT technology. Using them in their work, teachers develop children’s speech, provide new knowledge, and new opportunities for self-expression.
Teachers who work with children note that the number of children with speech development disorders is growing every year. One of the most powerful factors and stimuli for a child’s development is speech. Of course, the richer and more correct the speech, the easier it is for a child to express his thoughts, communicate with peers and adults, and reveal his natural abilities and intellectual capabilities. Therefore, we teachers need to take care of the timely formation of children’s speech, its purity and correctness
The approval and implementation of the Federal State Educational Standard for Preschool Education entails the need to find new approaches to planning and organizing speech work with children.
Our task is to choose such teaching methods and techniques that would allow each student to demonstrate their speech activity, their word creativity, to select technologies that give children new knowledge, new opportunities for self-expression, and broaden their horizons. Let's look at some of the technologies we use in our work.
Technologies for the development of children's speech, developed on the basis of TRIZ methods and techniques ( Theory of Inventive Problem Solving)
The peculiarity of technology is the simplicity of presentation of material and clarity. The child will learn to apply solutions to the problems he faces through fairy tales and everyday situations. As he finds contradictions, he himself will strive for an ideal result, using numerous resources that he draws from games and exercises. Brainstorming or collective problem solving is especially interesting for children. A group of children is presented with a problem, everyone expresses their opinion on how it can be solved, all options are accepted (there are no wrong judgments).
One of the most common techniques for developing a child’s speech that we use in our work is mnemonics.
Mnemonics -
This is a system of various techniques that facilitate memorization and increase memory capacity by forming additional associations. Such techniques are especially important for preschoolers, since visual material is absorbed better than verbal material.
Features of the technique are the use of symbols rather than images of objects, which make it easier for children to find and memorize words. The mnemonic tables that we have developed serve to enrich vocabulary when learning to compose stories, when retelling fiction, when guessing and making riddles, when memorizing poetry.
Cinquain
(a poem without a rhyme of five lines)
A new technology in the development of speech of preschoolers, in which knowledge about parts of speech and sentences is developed, vocabulary is significantly activated, the skill of using synonyms and antonyms in speech is improved, the studied material acquires an emotional coloring, which contributes to its deeper assimilation.
The scheme for using this technology is as follows:
Children select: words - objects, differentiation between “living” and “non-living” objects. Posing relevant questions (graphic representation).
Words are actions that a given object performs. Posing relevant questions (graphic representation).
Differentiation of the concepts “words - objects” and “words - actions”.
Words are signs of an object. Posing relevant questions (graphic representation).
Differentiation of the concepts “words – objects”, “words – actions” and “words – signs”.
The grammatical design of the sentence is as follows: “words - objects” + “words - actions”, “words - objects” + “words - actions” + “words - signs”.
Popular and very effective in our time, ICT
( Information and Communication Technologies)
allows us to combine, systematize existing material on speech development, and make each activity unconventional, bright, and rich.
Selected computer programs, illustrative and speech material help in teaching children how to compose stories and retell works. Using a computer, we can not only show and see, but also hear the necessary speech material. In this case, we can use the computer as a CD player.
DVDs can be used when teaching creative storytelling. When playing a disc, we can demonstrate the beginning, middle or end of a fairy tale, thereby encouraging children to be creative: inventing previous or subsequent events
The above technologies have a significant impact on the development of speech in preschool children and can help in the formation of an intellectually courageous, independent, original-thinking, creative personality who can make non-standard decisions.
Literature
1. Panfilova, M.A. Game therapy of communication. - M.: Education, 2002.
2. Polyanskaya, T. Using the method of mnemonics in teaching storytelling to preschool children - M.: Detstvo-Press, 2010.
3. Sidorchuk, T.A., Khomenko, N.N. Technology for the development of coherent speech in preschool children: a methodological manual for teachers of preschool institutions. - M.; Childhood-Press, 2004.
