Card file Experiments with water senior group
for older children
Target:
1. Help children get to know the world around them better.
2. Create favorable conditions for sensory perception, improving such vital mental processes as sensations, which are the first steps in understanding the world around us.
3. Develop fine motor skills and tactile sensitivity, learn to listen to your feelings and pronounce them.
4. Teach children to explore water in different states.
5. Through games and experiments, teach children to determine the physical properties of water.
6. Teach children to make independent conclusions based on the results of the examination.
7. Nurture the moral and spiritual qualities of a child during his communication with nature.
EXPERIMENTS WITH WATER
Experiment No. 1. “Coloring water.”
Purpose: Identify the properties of water: water can be warm and cold, some substances dissolve in water. The more of this substance, the more intense the color; The warmer the water, the faster the substance dissolves.
Materials: Containers with water (cold and warm), paint, stirring sticks, measuring cups.
An adult and children examine 2-3 objects in the water and find out why they are clearly visible (the water is clear). Next, find out how to color the water (add paint). An adult offers to color the water themselves (in cups with warm and cold water). In which cup will the paint dissolve faster? (In a glass of warm water). How will the water color if there is more dye? (The water will become more colored)
Experiment No. 2. “Water has no color, but it can be colored.”
Open the tap and offer to watch the flowing water. Pour water into several glasses. What color is the water? (Water has no color, it is transparent). Water can be colored by adding paint to it. (Children observe the coloring of the water). What color did the water become? (Red, blue, yellow, red). The color of the water depends on what color of dye was added to the water.
Conclusion: What did we learn today? What can happen to water if you add paint to it? (Water easily turns into any color).
Experiment No. 3. “Playing with colors.”
Purpose: To introduce the process of dissolving paint in water (at random and with stirring); develop observation and intelligence.
Materials: Two jars of clean water, paints, a spatula, a cloth napkin.
Progress:
Colors like a rainbow
Children are delighted with their beauty
Orange, yellow, red,
Blue, green - different!
Add some red paint to a jar of water, what happens? (the paint will dissolve slowly and unevenly).
Add a little blue paint to another jar of water and stir. What's happening? (the paint will dissolve evenly).
Children mix water from two jars. What's happening? (when blue and red paint were combined, the water in the jar turned brown).
Conclusion: A drop of paint, if not stirred, dissolves in water slowly and unevenly, but when stirred, it dissolves evenly.
Experience No. 4. “Everyone needs water.”
Purpose: To give children an idea of the role of water in plant life.
Progress: The teacher asks the children what will happen to the plant if it is not watered (it dries out). Plants need water. Look. Let's take 2 peas. Place one on a saucer in a wet cotton pad, and the second on another saucer in a dry cotton pad. Let's leave the peas for a few days. One pea, which was in a cotton wool with water, had a sprout, but the other did not. Children are clearly convinced of the role of water in the development and growth of plants.
Experiment No. 5. “A droplet walks in a circle.”
Goal: To give children basic knowledge about the water cycle in nature.
Procedure: Let's take two bowls of water - a large and a small one, put them on the windowsill and watch from which bowl the water disappears faster. When there is no water in one of the bowls, discuss with the children where the water went? What could have happened to her? (droplets of water constantly travel: they fall to the ground with rain, run in streams; they water plants, under the rays of the sun they return home again - to the clouds from which they once came to earth in the form of rain.)
Experiment No. 6. “Warm and cold water.”
Purpose: To clarify children’s understanding that water comes in different temperatures - cold and hot; You can find out if you touch the water with your hands; soap lathers in any water: water and soap wash away dirt.
Material: Soap, water: cold, hot in basins, rag.
Procedure: The teacher invites the children to wash their hands with dry soap and without water. Then he offers to wet your hands and soap in a basin of cold water. He clarifies: the water is cold, clear, soap is lathered in it, after washing your hands the water becomes opaque and dirty. Then he suggests rinsing your hands in a basin of hot water.
Conclusion: Water is a good helper for humans.
Experiment No. 7. “When does it pour, when does it drip?”
Goal: Continue to introduce the properties of water; develop observation skills; consolidate knowledge of safety rules when handling glass objects.
Material: Pipette, two beakers, plastic bag, sponge, socket.
Procedure: The teacher invites the children to play with water and makes a hole in the bag of water. Children lift it above the socket. What's happening? (water drips, hitting the surface of the water, the droplets make sounds). Add a few drops from a pipette. When does water drip faster: from a pipette or a bag? Why?
Children pour water from one beaker to another. Do they observe when the water fills faster - when it drips or when it pours?
Children immerse a sponge in a beaker of water and take it out. What's happening? (water first flows out, then drips).
Experiment No. 8. “Which bottle will the water be poured into faster?”
Goal: Continue to introduce the properties of water, objects of different sizes, develop ingenuity, and teach how to follow safety rules when handling glass objects.
Material: A bath of water, two bottles of different sizes - with a narrow and a wide neck, a cloth napkin.
Progress: What song does the water sing? (Glug, glug, glug).
Let's listen to two songs at once: which one is better?
Children compare bottles by size: look at the shape of the neck of each of them; immerse a wide-necked bottle in water, looking at the clock to note how long it will take for it to fill with water; immerse a bottle with a narrow neck in water and note how many minutes it will take to fill it.
Find out from which bottle the water will pour out faster: a large one or a small one? Why?
Children immerse two bottles in water at once. What's happening? (water does not fill the bottles evenly)
Experiment No. 9. “What happens to steam when it cools?”
Purpose: Show children that steam in a room, cooling, turns into droplets of water; outside (in the cold) it becomes frost on the branches of trees and bushes.
Procedure: The teacher offers to touch the window glass to make sure that it is cold, then invites three children to breathe on the glass at one point. Observe how the glass fogs up and then a drop of water forms.
Conclusion: The vapor from breathing on cold glass turns into water.
During the walk, the teacher takes out a freshly boiled kettle, places it under the branches of a tree or bush, opens the lid and everyone watches how the branches are “overgrown” with frost.
Experiment No. 10. “Friends.”
Purpose: To introduce the composition of water (oxygen); develop ingenuity and curiosity.
Material: Glass and bottle of water, closed with a cork, cloth napkin.
Procedure: Place a glass of water in the sun for a few minutes. What's happening? (bubbles form on the walls of the glass - this is oxygen).
Shake the water bottle as hard as you can. What's happening? (a large number of bubbles have formed)
Conclusion: Water contains oxygen; it “appears” in the form of small bubbles; when water moves, more bubbles appear; Oxygen is needed by those who live in water.
Experiment No. 11. “Where did the water go?”
Purpose: To identify the process of water evaporation, the dependence of the evaporation rate on conditions (open and closed water surface).
Material: Two identical measuring containers.
Children pour an equal amount of water into containers; together with the teacher they make a level mark; one jar is closed tightly with a lid, the other is left open; Both jars are placed on the windowsill.
The evaporation process is observed for a week, making marks on the walls of the containers and recording the results in an observation diary. They discuss whether the amount of water has changed (the water level has become lower than the mark), where the water from the open jar has disappeared (water particles have risen from the surface into the air). When the container is closed, evaporation is weak (water particles cannot evaporate from the closed container).
Experiment No. 12. “Where does water come from?”
Purpose: To introduce the condensation process.
Material: Hot water container, cooled metal lid.
An adult covers a container of water with a cold lid. After some time, children are invited to examine the inside of the lid and touch it with their hands. They find out where the water comes from (water particles rose from the surface, they could not evaporate from the jar and settled on the lid). The adult suggests repeating the experiment, but with a warm lid. Children observe that there is no water on the warm lid, and with the help of the teacher they conclude: the process of turning steam into water occurs when the steam cools.
Experiment No. 13. “Which puddle will dry up faster?”
Guys, do you remember what remains after the rain? (Puddles). The rain is sometimes very heavy, and after it there are large puddles, and after a little rain the puddles are: (small). Offers to see which puddle will dry faster - large or small. (The teacher spills water on the asphalt, creating puddles of different sizes). Why did the small puddle dry up faster? (There is less water there). And large puddles sometimes take a whole day to dry up.
Conclusion: What did we learn today? Which puddle dries out faster - big or small? (A small puddle dries faster).
Experiment No. 14. “Game of hide and seek.”
Goal: Continue to introduce the properties of water; develop observation, ingenuity, perseverance.
Material: Two plexiglass plates, a pipette, cups with clear and colored water.
Progress:
One two three four five!
We'll look for a little bit
Appeared from a pipette
Dissolved on the glass...
Apply a drop of water from a pipette onto dry glass. Why doesn't it spread? (the dry surface of the plate interferes)
Children tilt the plate. What's happening? (drop flows slowly)
Moisten the surface of the plate and drop clear water onto it from a pipette. What's happening? (it will “dissolve” on a damp surface and become invisible)
Apply a drop of colored water to the damp surface of the plate using a pipette. What will happen? (colored water will dissolve in clear water)
Conclusion: When a transparent drop falls into water, it disappears; a drop of colored water on wet glass is visible.
Experiment No. 15. “How to push water out?”
Purpose: To form the idea that the water level rises if objects are placed in the water.
Material: Measuring container with water, pebbles, object in the container.
The children are given the task: to get an object from the container without putting their hands in the water and without using various assistant objects (for example, a net). If the children find it difficult to decide, the teacher suggests placing pebbles in the vessel until the water level reaches the brim.
Conclusion: Pebbles, filling the container, push out water.
Experiment No. 16. “Where does frost come from?”
Equipment: Thermos with hot water, plate.
Take a thermos with hot water for a walk. When children open it, they will see steam. You need to hold a cold plate over the steam. Children see how steam turns into water droplets. This steamed plate is then left for the rest of the walk. At the end of the walk, children can easily see frost forming on it. The experience should be supplemented with a story about how precipitation is formed on earth.
Conclusion: When heated, water turns into steam, when cooled, steam turns into water, water into frost.
Experiment No. 17. “Melting ice.”
Equipment: Plate, bowls of hot and cold water, ice cubes, spoon, watercolor paints, strings, various molds.
The teacher offers to guess where the ice will melt faster - in a bowl of cold water or in a bowl of hot water. He lays out the ice and the children watch the changes taking place. The time is recorded using numbers that are laid out near the bowls, and the children draw conclusions. Children are invited to look at a colored piece of ice. What kind of ice? How is this piece of ice made? Why is the string holding on? (Frozen to the ice.)
• How can you get colorful water? Children add colored paints of their choice to the water, pour them into molds (everyone has different molds) and place them on trays in the cold.
Experiment No. 18. “Frozen water.”
Equipment: Pieces of ice, cold water, plates, a picture of an iceberg.
In front of the children is a bowl of water. They discuss what kind of water it is, what shape it is. Water changes shape because it is liquid. Can water be solid? What happens to water if it is cooled too much? (The water will turn into ice.)
Examine the pieces of ice. How is ice different from water? Can ice be poured like water? The children are trying to do this. What shape is the ice? Ice retains its shape. Anything that retains its shape, like ice, is called a solid.
• Does ice float? The teacher puts a piece of ice in a bowl and the children watch. How much ice floats? (Upper.) Huge blocks of ice float in the cold seas. They are called icebergs (show picture). Only the tip of the iceberg is visible above the surface. And if the captain of the ship does not notice and stumbles upon the underwater part of the iceberg, then the ship may sink.
The teacher draws the children's attention to the ice that was in the plate. What happened? Why did the ice melt? (The room is warm.) What has the ice turned into? What is ice made of?
Experiment No. 19. “Water Mill”.
Equipment: Toy water mill, basin, jug with coda, rag, aprons according to the number of children.
Grandfather Znay talks with children about why water is needed for people. During the conversation, the children remember its properties. Can water make other things work? After the children’s answers, grandfather Znay shows them a water mill. What is this? How to make the mill work? Children put on aprons and roll up their sleeves; They take a jug of water in their right hand, and with their left they support it near the spout and pour water onto the blades of the mill, directing the stream of water to the center of the blade. What do we see? Why is the mill moving? What sets it in motion? Water drives the mill.
• Children play with a mill.
It is noted that if you pour water in a small stream, the mill works slowly, and if you pour it in a large stream, the mill works faster.
Experiment No. 20. “Steam is also water.”
Equipment: Mug with boiling water, glass.
Take a mug of boiling water so the children can see the steam. Place glass over the steam; water droplets form on it.
Conclusion: Water turns into steam, and steam then turns into water.
Experiment No. 21. “Transparency of ice.”
Equipment: water molds, small items.
The teacher invites the children to walk along the edge of the puddle and listen to the ice crunch. (Where there is a lot of water, the ice is hard, durable, and does not break underfoot.) Reinforces the idea that ice is transparent. To do this, place small objects in a transparent container, fill it with water and place it outside the window overnight. In the morning, they examine frozen objects through the ice.
Conclusion: Objects are visible through ice because it is transparent.
Experiment No. 22. “Why is the snow soft?”
Equipment: Spatulas, buckets, magnifying glass, black velvet paper.
Invite the children to watch the snow spin and fall. Let the children scoop up the snow and then use buckets to carry it into a pile for the slide. Children note that buckets of snow are very light, but in the summer they carried sand in them, and it was heavy. Then the children look at the snow flakes that fall on the black velvet paper through a magnifying glass. They see that these are separate snowflakes linked together. And between the snowflakes there is air, which is why the snow is fluffy and so easy to lift.
Conclusion: Snow is lighter than sand, since it consists of snowflakes with a lot of air between them. Children add from personal experience and name what is heavier than snow: water, earth, sand and much more.
Please pay attention to the fact that the shape of snowflakes changes depending on the weather: in severe frost, snowflakes fall out in the shape of hard, large stars; in mild frost they resemble white hard balls, which are called cereals; When there is a strong wind, very small snowflakes fly because their rays are broken off. If you walk through the snow in the cold, you can hear it creaking. Read K. Balmont’s poem “Snowflake” to the children.
Experiment No. 23. “Why does snow warm?”
Equipment: Spatulas, two bottles of warm water.
Invite children to remember how their parents protect plants from frost in the garden or at the dacha. (Cover them with snow). Ask the children whether it is necessary to compact and pat down the snow near the trees? (No). And why? (In loose snow, there is a lot of air and it retains heat better).
This can be checked. Before your walk, pour warm water into two identical bottles and seal them. Invite the children to touch them and make sure that the water in both of them is warm. Then, on the site, one of the bottles is placed in an open place, the other is buried in the snow, without slamming it down. At the end of the walk, both bottles are placed side by side and compared, in which the water has cooled more, and find out in which bottle ice appeared on the surface.
Conclusion: The water in the bottle under the snow has cooled less, which means the snow retains heat.
Pay attention to the children how easy it is to breathe on a frosty day. Ask the children to say why? This is because falling snow picks up tiny particles of dust from the air, which is present even in winter. And the air becomes clean and fresh.
Experiment No. 24. “How to get drinking water from salt water.”
Pour water into a basin, add two tablespoons of salt, stir. Place washed pebbles at the bottom of an empty plastic glass and lower the glass into a basin so that it does not float up, but its edges are above the water level. Pull the film over the top and tie it around the pelvis. Press the film in the center above the cup and place another pebble in the recess. Place the basin in the sun. After a few hours, unsalted, clean water will accumulate in the glass. Conclusion: water evaporates in the sun, condensation remains on the film and flows into an empty glass, salt does not evaporate and remains in the basin.
